Chapter 12- Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Question 1

Describe the shorthand version of Mitosis (5)

Answer 1

1. parent cell
   2) interphase: cell grows, chromosomes duplicate
   3) Mitosis: chromosome copies are separated to opposite ends
   4) Cytokinesis: divides to 2 daughter cells

5) 2 daughter cells

Question 2

Continuity of life =

Answer 2

reproduction of cells

Question 3

cell division reasons (3)

Answer 3

1) asexual reproduction
2) growth development
3) tissue renewal

Question 4

Cell’s DNA is called

Answer 4

Genome

Question 5

DNA is __m long in a cell

Answer 5

2 METERS

Question 6

How can the dna be so long and replicated ?

Answer 6

Chromosomes

Question 7

Chromosomes contain

Answer 7

protien and dna

Question 8

building structure of chromosomes =

Answer 8

building material = chromatin

Question 9

somatic cells:

Answer 9

cell body cells EXCEPT sex cells

Question 10

A somatic cell contains ___ chromosomes, ___ sets

Answer 10

46, 2 sets of 23

Question 11

2 sets of 23 come from where?

Answer 11

One from mother and father

Question 12

Duplicated chromosome has ____ sister chromatids

Answer 12

2

Question 13

each chromatid has a centromere, T or F

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Mitosis def

Answer 14

divison of genetic material

Question 15

cytokensis def

Answer 15

splitting of cytoplasm

Question 16

5 parts of the cell cycle pie chart in order

Answer 16

Mitosis, cytokenisis ( both are M phase), then G1, S, G2

Question 17

5 stages acryonym

Answer 17

PP MAT

Question 18

Prophase

Answer 18

2 pairs of centrioles go to cell poles

chromosomes (consist of 2 sister chromatids)

spindle fiber forms

Question 19

Prometaphase

Answer 19

chromosomes att to spindle fibers

( box formation)

centrioles reach opposite poles

Question 20

Metaphase

Answer 20

chromosomes line up at methaphase PLATE ( down the middle)

Question 21

Anaphase

Answer 21

Bonds are broken between the chromatids, seperated to ends of pole

6?

Question 22

Telophase

Answer 22

Cleavge burrow is fromed

Nuclear material surrounds each chromosome

miotic spindle breaks down

Question 23

___ daughter cells are formed in cytokenesis

Answer 23

2

Question 24

plants differ because of

Answer 24

cell wall and cell plate

Question 25

plants reproduce asexually through

Answer 25

binary fission

Question 26

___ checkpoints during cell cycle

Answer 26

4

Question 27

4 cell cyle checkpoints

Answer 27

1) G2, 2) M 3) G1 4) S

Question 28

g2 checkpoint purpose

Answer 28

prevents cells with damaged DNA to replicate

Question 29

M checkpoint ( spindle checkpoint)

Answer 29

Checks if all sister chromatids are attachted to spindle fibers

Question 30

G1 checkpoint

Answer 30

determines if a cell is good to divide or not

Question 31

S checkpoint

Answer 31

monitors DNA replication ability

Question 32

internal factors for control of cell cycle (4)

Answer 32

hormones, nutrition, MPF, cyctin

Question 33

Externam factors (2)

Answer 33

anchorage dependence, density dependent inhibition

Question 34

anchorage dependence

Answer 34

must be att to cell membrane before division

Question 35

density dependent inhibition

Answer 35

division until the density around is equal

Question 36

Telomere length

Answer 36

part of chromosome is lost, certain protective pieces for replications

Question 37

Blue Zones

Answer 37

people tend to live longer + healthier

Question 38

cancer is where a cell cycle….

Answer 38

has NO CONTROL

Question 39

Tumor can be either

Answer 39

benign or malignant

Question 40

Benign vs Malignant difference

Answer 40

overgrowth vs destroying

Question 41

cancer begins with ___

Answer 41

transformation

Question 42

cancer transformation meaning

Answer 42

A cells genetic material is changed

Question 43

most common cancer; most fatal cancer M + F; most growing cancer in population

Answer 43

skin, lung, colorectal

Question 44

Tumor suppressor genes =

Answer 44

P53

Question 45

ONCEGENES

Answer 45

genetic mutations that can cause cancer