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Human Anatomy > Chapter 12 Appendicular Muscles > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Appendicular Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Appendicular muscles control…

Muscles grouped by ___ or ____

What were formerly called origins and insertions will be called…

A

Appendicular muscles control upper and lower limbs and pectoral and pelvic girdles

Muscles grouped by location or part of skeleton they move

What were formerly called origins and insertions will be called proximal and distal attachments for appendicular muscles

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2
Q 
Muscles function that stabilize or move the scapula:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A 
Muscles function that stabilize or move the scapula:
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Subclavius
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
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3
Q

Muscles That Move Glenohumeral Joint/Arm (1)

__ muscles cross glenohumeral joint and move arm or forearm

Two of them attach to the trunk and are prime movers of the joint
1.
2.

A

Eleven muscles cross glenohumeral joint and move arm or forearm

Two of them attach to the trunk and are prime movers of the joint
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major

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4
Q

Muscles That Move Glenohumeral joint/arm

Nine arm muscles attach to the scapula:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. Rotator cuff muscles (4)
1. Subscapularis
2. Supraspinatus
3. Infraspinatus
4. Teres minor
A 
Nine arm muscles attach to the scapula:
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Teres major
Rotator cuff muscles (4)
1. Subscapularis
2. Supraspinatus
3. Infraspinatus
4. Teres minor
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5
Q

Arm and Forearm Muscles That Move the Elbow Joint/Forearm (1)

-
-

-

A

The anterior compartment contains elbow flexors:

  • Biceps brachii
  • Brachialis
  • Brachioradialis

The posterior compartment contains elbow extensors:

  • Triceps brachii
  • Anconeus
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6
Q

Arm and Forearm Muscles That Move the Elbow Joint/Forearm (2)

Some forearm muscle pronate or supinate the forearm

Two muscles on the anterior forearm that pronate the forearm are:
1.
2.

The muscle on the posterior forearm that supinates the forearm is:
_____

A

Some forearm muscle pronate or supinate the forearm

Two muscles on the anterior forearm that pronate the forearm are:
Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus

The muscle on the posterior forearm that supinates the forearm is:
Supinator

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7
Q

Forearm Muscles That Move Wrist, Hand, and Fingers (1)

  • Most muscles in forearm move hand and fingers
  • –Called…
  • Most anterior compartment muscles attach to the ____
  • –They flex the wrist, hand, and fingers
  • Most posterior compartment muscles attach to the ____
  • –They extend the wrist, hand, and fingers
A
  • Most muscles in forearm move hand and fingers
  • –Called extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand
  • Most anterior compartment muscles attach to the medial epicondyle of the humerus
  • –They flex the wrist, hand, and fingers
  • Most posterior compartment muscles attach to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
  • –They extend the wrist, hand, and fingers
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8
Q

Forearm Muscles That Move Wrist, Hand, and Fingers (2)

Tendons of anterior compartment muscles pass over anterior surface of carpal bones

  • -Along with median nerve, they are held in place by __
  • -Space between carpal bones and flexor retinaculum is ____
A

Tendons of anterior compartment muscles pass over anterior surface of carpal bones

  • -Along with median nerve, they are held in place by flexor retinaculum
  • -Space between carpal bones and flexor retinaculum is carpal tunnel
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9
Q

Forearm anterior Compartment muscles

Superficial Layer
1.
2.
3.
4

Intermediate Layer
5

Deep Layer
6.
7.
8.

A 
Superficial Layer
1. pronator teres
2. flexor carpi radialis
3. palmaris longus
4 flexor carpi ulnaris

Intermediate Layer
5. flexor digitorum superficialis

Deep Layer

  1. flexor pollicis longus
  2. flexor digitorumprofundus
  3. pronator quadratus
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10
Q

Forearm Posterior Compartment Muscles

Superficial layer:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Deep layer:
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A 
Superficial Layer
1.Extensor carpi radialis longus
2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3 Extensor digitorum
4 Extensor digiti minimi
5 Extensor carpi ulnaris

deep layer

  1. Abductor pollicis longus
  2. Extensor pollicis brevis
  3. Extensor pollicis longus
  4. Extensor indicis
  5. Supinator
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11
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Small muscles that attach how?

Divided into three groups:
1.
2.
3.

A 
Small muscles that attach both proximally and distally on the hand
Divided into three groups:
1. Thenar group
2 Hypothenar group
3. Midpalmar group
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12
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Thenar group muscles affect the motion of the thumb and include the following:
1.
2.
3.

A

Thenar group muscles affect the motion of the thumb and include the following:

  1. Flexor pollicis brevis
  2. Abductor pollicis brevis
  3. Opponens pollicis
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13
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the hand

Hypothenar group muscles affect the motion of finger 5 and include the following:
1.
2.
3.

A

Hypothenar group muscles affect the motion of finger 5 and include the following:

  1. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  2. Abductor digiti minimi
  3. Opponens digiti minimi
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14
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Midpalmar group muscles affect the motion of all fingers and the thumb, and include the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A

Midpalmar group muscles affect the motion of all fingers and the thumb, and include the following:

  1. Lumbricals
  2. Dorsal interossei
  3. Palmer interossei
  4. Adductor pollicis
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15
Q

Muscles That Move the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

Include the largest and most powerful muscles in the body

Organized into specific groups:
1.
2.

A

Include the largest and most powerful muscles in the body

Organized into specific groups:

  1. Muscles that move the hip joint/thigh
  2. Muscles that move the knee joint/leg
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16
Q

Muscles That Move Hip Joint/Thigh (1)

Muscles of anterior thigh compartment flex the hip

Most of them proximally attach to ___ and distally attach to ___

Thigh (hip) flexors include
1.
2.
3.
4.
A

Muscles of anterior thigh compartment flex the hip

Most of them proximally attach to os coxae and distally attach to femur

Thigh (hip) flexors include

  1. Psoas major
  2. Iliacus
  3. Sartorius
  4. Rectus femoris
17
Q

Muscles That Move Hip Joint/Thigh

Six muscles in medial compartment of thigh:

A 
Six muscles in medial compartment of thigh:
 Adductor longus
 Adductor brevis
 Gracilis
 Pectineus
 Adductor magnus
 Obturator externus
18
Q

Muscles That Move Hip Joint/Thigh

Only __ muscle in the lateral thigh compartment:

  • _____
    • Abducts and___ the thigh
    • Attaches to the____, which extends from the iliac crest to the ____
A

Only one muscle in the lateral thigh compartment:

  • Tensor fasciae latae
    • Abducts and medially rotates the thigh
    • Attaches to the iliotibial tract (band), which extends from the iliac crest to the lateral condyle of the tibia
19
Q

Muscles That Move Hip Joint/Thigh (4)

Gluteal group and deep muscles of gluteal region extend, abduct, and rotate hip joint/thigh

Most of them attach proximally to os coxae and distally to femur:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
A

Gluteal group and deep muscles of gluteal region extend, abduct, and rotate hip joint/thigh

Most of them attach proximally to os coxae and distally to femur:
 Gluteus maximus
 Gluteus medius
 Gluteus minimus
 Piriformis
 Superior gemellus
 Inferior gemellus
 Obturator internus 
 Quadratus femoris
20
Q

Muscles That Move Hip Joint/Thigh

Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment ___ the hip joint/thigh and ___ the leg

Include the ___ muscles, which are composed of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus

A

Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment extend the hip joint/thigh and flex the leg

Include the hamstring muscles, which are composed of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus

21
Q

Thigh Muscles That Move Knee Joint/Leg

The anterior compartment of the thigh contains muscles that ___ the knee joint/leg

Collectively called quadriceps femoris and consist of the following muscles:
1. 
2.  
3. 
4.
A

The anterior compartment of the thigh contains muscles that extend the knee joint/leg

Collectively called quadriceps femoris and consist of the following muscles:

  1. Rectus femoris
  2. Vastus lateralis
  3. Vastus medialis
  4. Vastus intermedius
22
Q

Thigh Muscles That Move Knee Joint/Leg

Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment flex the leg and are collectively called the hamstrings:
1.
2.
3.

A

Muscles of the posterior thigh compartment flex the leg and are collectively called the hamstrings:

  1. Biceps femoris
  2. Semimembranosus
  3. Semitendinosus
23
Q

Leg Muscles

The muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes are called the crural muscles

Three compartments in the leg:
1.
2.
3.

A

The muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes are called the crural muscles

Three compartments in the leg:
Anterior
Lateral
Posterior

24
Q

Leg Muscles

Muscles in the anterior compartment primarily \_\_\_ the foot and \_\_ the toes, and include the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A 
Muscles in the anterior compartment primarily dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes, and include the following:
 Extensor digitorum longus
 Extensor hallucis longus
 Fibularis tertius
 Tibialis anterior
25
Q

Leg Muscles

Muscles in the lateral compartment evert and plantar flex the foot, and include the following:
1.
2.

A

Muscles in the lateral compartment evert and plantar flex the foot, and include the following:
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis

26
Q

Leg Muscles

Muscles in the posterior compartment primarily plantar flex the foot, and include the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A 
Muscles in the posterior compartment primarily plantar flex the foot, and include the following:
 Gastrocnemius
 Soleus
 Plantaris
 Flexor digitorum longus
 Flexor hallucis longus
 Tibialis posterior
 Popliteus
27
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot

Intrinsic muscles attach ____

Divided into a dorsal group of two muscles and a plantar group of ten muscles organized into four layers

The plantar surface is supported by the ___

A

Intrinsic muscles attach proximally and distally within the foot

Divided into a dorsal group of two muscles and a plantar group of ten muscles organized into four layers

The plantar surface is supported by the plantar aponeurosis

Human Anatomy (11 decks)

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