Chapter 12

Question 0

What was the greatest spur to America settlement of the Oregon territory?

Answer 0

Missionaries to the Indians

Question 1

What was “America’s Manifest Destiny”?

Answer 1

The belief or idea that America was providentially ordained to possess the North American continent

Question 2

Why did the Texan settlers decide to fight for independence?

Answer 2

A Mexican army invaded Texas

Question 3

Which trail was a trade route between Mexico and the United States?

Answer 3

Santa Fe Trail

Question 4

Which state borders were settled as a result of negations with Britain?

Answer 4

Maine

Question 5

Who was perhaps the hardest president in our nation’s history before 1860?

Answer 5

James K. Polk

Question 6

Why was Texas annexation by a joint resolution of Congress rather than by a formal treaty?

Answer 6

Tyler realized that he couldn’t raise the 2/3 majority needed in the senate to ratify the treaty annexation

Question 7

Explain the history of Texas independence from this chapter.

Answer 7

1. Texas defeated Santa Anna
2. Stephen F, Austin won independence with an army of only 800 men
3. Texas was known as the Republic of Texas when they won independence from Mexico

Question 8

Essay: explain why travel on the western trails was dangerous for early settlers.

Answer 8

1. The routes were not well paved
2. Pioneers would sometimes have to leave belongings
3. Indian attacks
4. Broken transportation, specifically the axel
5. Animals/family dying
6. Sickness
7. Weather
8. Low on supplies

Question 9

List the things that contributed to the Mexican War.

Answer 9

1. Mexican resentment over annexation of Texas
2. America’s belief in the manifest destiny
3. Hostility between America and Mexico
4. The failure to reach a peaceful agreement
5. Dispute over the Texas and Mexico boundary

Question 10

What dispute was the immediate cause of the Mexican War?

Answer 10

Dispute over the Texas and Mexico boundary

Question 11

Which campaign was won by an American army of explorers, marines, and Calvary?

Answer 11

California Campaign

Question 12

Which state was called the Bear Flag republic?

Answer 12

California

Question 13

Why did California’s revolt against American troops during the Mexican War?

Answer 13

The contempt and harsh treatment that some American soldiers has towards Spanish Californians

Question 14

Which of the following events came last?
A. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
B. Gadsden Purchase 
C. Annexation of Texas
D. Maine boundary settlement

Answer 14

B. Gadsden purchase

Question 15

Compare and contrast Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor.

Answer 15

They both are considered two of the most effective American military commanders, and were influential in the Mexican War.

Winfield Scott was more educated, masculine, had more authority, more strict, was a better strategist and lacked Taylor’s warmth.
Zachary Taylor dressed sloppily, had undeniable bravery, and manner won him the devotion of his men.

Question 16

Who was the explorer during/in the Bear Flag republic?

Answer 16

John Fremont

Question 17

Who won in northern Mexico?

Answer 17

Zachary Taylor

Question 18

What was the capture of an important Mexican port?

Answer 18

Vera Cruz

Question 19

What campaign dealer with Santa Fe?

Answer 19

New Mexico Campaign

Question 20

What campaign dealed with Buena Vista?

Answer 20

Northern Mexico Campaign

Question 21

Who captured Mexico City?

Answer 21

Winfield Scott

Question 22

Who captured New Mexico?

Answer 22

Stephen Kearny

Question 23

What was the narrow American victory in northern Mexico against overwhelming odds?

Answer 23

Battle of Buena Vista

Question 24

What is the Mexican cession of New Mexico and California?

Answer 24

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo