Chapter 11 Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
Dominant
an allele that will present over the presence of a recessive allele
Gene
unit of inheritance, DNA packaged in chromosomes
Gene Linkage
genes on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together
Genetic Recombination
new combinations of alleles of the genes that are located on homologous chromosomes, caused by the exchange of corresponding segments of DNA during crossing over
Genotype
the combination of allele’s carried by an organism
Hemophilia
caused by a recessive allele on the x chromosome that results in a deficiency in one of the proteins needed for blood clotting.
Law of Segregation
homologous chromosomes segregate from each other during meiosis, thus separating allele’s they carry.
Locus
a genes physical location on a chromosome
Huntington Disease
a dominate disorder that causes a slow, progressive deterioration of parts of the brain, resulting in loss of concentration, flailing movements, personality disturbances and eventually death.
Recessive
an allele that will not present if paired with a dominant allele
Incomplete Dominance
when heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between two homozygous phenotypes
True Breeding
organisms posses a trait, that is inherited unchanged by all offspring produced by self-fertilization
Law of Independent Assortment
the independent inheritance of two or more traits
Cross-Fertilization
when sperm from one organism fertilizes the egg of another organism
Phenotype
an organism’s traits (outward appearance, behavior, digestive enzymes, blood type, etc)
