Chapter 11 - Integumentary System Flashcards
biopsy
removal of tissue from body for examination
cautery
tissue destruction by electricity
debridement
removal of contaminated or devitalized tissue from a traumatic or infected lesion
dermabrasion
planning of the skin done by mechanical means, e.g., sandpaper or wire brushes
dermatome
an instrument for cutting thin skin slices for grafting
electrodesiccation
destruction of tissue of dehydration with high-frequency electric current
escharotomy
removal of burn scar tissue
fulguration
destruction of living tissue by electric sparks
graft
a tissue or organ for implantation or transplantation; a piece of skin transplanted to replace a lost portion of the skin; pigskin may be used as a temporary graft. a new type of synthetic collagen is now being used to permanent skin grafts
hyfracator
a type of machine for destroying tissue (high-frequency eradicator)
carcinoma
a malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surround tissues and give rise to metastases
keratosis
any horny growth, such as a wart or callosity
nevus (-i)
a mold or growth, e.g., birthmark; there are many types
steatoma
lipoma; a fatty mass retained within a sebaceous gland, sebaceous cyst
verruca (-ae)
a wart, caused by viruses. a plantar wart is one on the sole or plantar surface of the foot
acne vulgaris
an inflammatory disease of the skin with the formation of an eruption of papules or pustules; chronic acne, usually occurring in adolescence. maybe be caused by foods, stress, hereditary factors, hormones, drugs, and bacteria
carbuncle, furuncle
boils, abscesses, and pustular lesions
cellulitis
inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. may lead to ulceration and abscess
impetigo
a streptococcal or staphylococcal skin infection marked by cesicles or bullae that become pustular, rupture, and form yellow crusts, especially around the mouth and nose
herpes genitalis
blister-type inflammatory highly contagious skin disease of the genitals.
herpes ophthalmicus
severe herpes zoster involving the ophthalmic nerve (eye)
herpes simplex
an acute viral disease, often on the borders of the lips or nares (cold sores) or on the genitals
herpes zoster
shingles: an acute, unilateral, self-limited inflammatory disease of a nerve, e.g., on one side of the pelvis
verruca
a wart
tinea
ringworm; a name applied to many different superficial fungal infections of different parts of the body
tinea barbae
infection of the bearded parts of the face by ringworm
tinea capitis
infection of the scalp by ringworm
tinea corporis
infection of the body by ringworm
tinea cruris
infection of the groin by ringworm (“jock itch”)
tinea pedis
athlete’s foots; a chronic superfical infection of the skin of the foot by ringworm
tinea unguium
infection of the fingernails by ringworm; the nails become opaque, white, thickened, and friable
pediculosis capitis
lice (head)
pediculosis corporis
lice (body)
pediculosis pubis
pubic lice or crabs
scabies
a mite, a small parasite; can burrow under the skin
eczema
redness in skin, caused by some substance, e.g., food
neurodermatitis
a dermatosis presumed to be caused by itching related to emotional causes or psychological factors
psoriasis
a chronic, hereditary, recurrent dermatosis marked by discrete vivid red macules, papules, or plaques covered with silvery laminated scales
diabetes mellitus
a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin
erysipelas
a contagious disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by infection with streptococci organisms; redness and swelling of affected areas
histoplasmosis
a systemic fungal disease caused by inhalation of dust contaminated by fungus
lupus erythematosus
a chronic superficial inflammation of the skin; the lesions typically form a butterfly patter over the bridge of the nose and cheeks
rubella
german measles; a mild viral infection marked by a pink macular rash
rubeola
a synonym of measles in english and of german measles in french and spanish
syphilis
a venereal disease; cutaneous lesions; caused by infection from direct sexual contact
varicella
chickenpox; residues itch and later become scabs
coccidioidin
a sterile preparation injected intracutaneously as a test for valley fever (respiratory fungus disease)
Mantoux or PPD
a test for tuberculosis (TB), a bacterical disease
Dick test
an intracutaneous test for susceptibility to scarlet fever
Schick test
an intracutaneous test for diphtheria
sweat test
a test for pesence of cystic fibrosis
actinic
referring to ultraviolet rays of the sun
albinism
no body pigment; white skin and hair
alopecia
baldness; hereditary or caused by chemotheraphy
bulla (-ae)
large blisters, as in burns
burn
thermal injury to tissues. first-degree burns show redness. second degree burns produce blisters and are partial-thickness burns. third-degree burns are full-thickness burns and involve subcutaneous tissue and muscle
callus
localized hyperplasia of the horny layer of the epidermis (skin) caused by pressure or friction
cicatrix
a scar
cyst
a closed epithelium-lined cavity or sac, normal or abnormal, usually containing liquid or semisolid material
dermatology
the medical specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases
ecchymosis
bruise, caused by bleeding under the skin
erosion
eating or gnawing away, e.g., an early ulcer
eruption
breaking out; a rash
erythema
redness of the skin
eschar
a slough (hard crust) produced by thermal burn
exanthem
an eruptive (rose-colored) disease or fever
excoriation
a superficial loss of skin, e.g., by scratching
exfoliation
a falling off in scales or layers
fissure
a narrow slit on the skin surface, e.g., anal fissure, athlete’s foot lesion
gangrene
necrotic or dead tissue
hirsutism
abnormal hairiness, especially in women
keloid
a sharply elevated, progressively enlarging scar that does not fade with time
laceration
cut; tearing; a torn wound
lesion
any pathologic or traumatic discontinuity of tissue, e.g., a sore
macule
a spot, or thickening, e.g., freckle, flat mole. area is not raised above the surface
nodule
a small node that is solid and can be detected by touch; a rounded prominence, e.g., a boss
nummular
coin-sized and coin shaped
papulae
a small, circumscribed, solid elevated lesion of the skin, e.g., wart, acne, mole
paronychia
inflammation of the folds of tissue around the fingernail
plaque
any patch or flat area; used to describe the silvery scales of psoriasis
pruritus
itching
pustule
a small, elevated, pus-containing lesion of the skin
scales, crusts
an outer layer formed by drying of a bodily exudate or secretion; flaking type of lesion, e.g., psoriasis, fungus
scar, cicatrix
a mark remaining after healing of a wound or other morbid process
superfluous hair
excessive hair on the face of women
tumor
swelling; may be benign or malignant; also called neoplasm
ulcer
a local destruction of tissue from sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue, e.g., varicose ulcer, decubitus ulcer
urticaria
hives; transient elevated patches (wheals)
vesicle
a small blister containing liquid
vitiligo
loss of pigment; white patchy areas
wheal
a localized area of swelling on the body surface, e.g., produced by a skin test reaction
