chapter 11- biodiversity

Question 1

definition of biodiversity

Answer 1

biological variety of living organisms in an area at a particular time.

biodiversity changes over time

Question 2

biodiversity is a measure of….

Answer 2

variation at the genetics, species and habitat level

Question 3

define habitat biodiversity

Answer 3

the number of different habitats found in a particular area

usually the greater HB the greater the SB in that area

Question 4

Define the term “species biodiversity”.

Answer 4

the number of species and their evenness/abundance in a particular area or ecosystem

differences in species, this can be structural and functional

Question 5

Define the term “genetic biodiversity”

Answer 5

the diversity of alleles and number of genes in the genome/genetic material of species or a population of species

Question 6

the greater the GB the greater chance of adapting….

Answer 6

to selection pressures and survival of a species

Question 7

without genetic diversity organisms wont be able to …… and give egs

Answer 7

adapt to changes/threats in their habitat

eg climate change
pollution
disease
pest

Question 8

What three human activities are the main factors currently affecting biodiversity?

Answer 8

climate change
agriculture
population growth

Question 9

What are the three main reasons for maintaining biodiversity?

Answer 9

aesthetic
economical
ecological

Question 10

where is biodiversity
usually greater

Answer 10

it is greater nearer the equator which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity

Question 11

terrestrial means

Answer 11

on earth

Question 12

what is a community

Answer 12

all the populations living in a particular geographical area at the same time

Question 13

what is a population

Answer 13

the number of all the organisms of the same species who live in a particular geographical area at the same time

Question 14

what is a habitat

Answer 14

the environment in which a particular organism/species lives

Question 15

organisms can adapt to their habitat depending on

Answer 15

biotic and abiotic factors

Question 16

what is the ecological importance of maintaining biodiversity

Answer 16

it maintains a balanced ecosystem by providing energy and nutrient cycles

Question 17

what is the economical importance for maintaining biodiversity

Answer 17

potential useful species eg medicine, food, clothing, foods and agricultural

Question 18

what is the ethical importance for maintaining biodiversity

Answer 18

potential medicines available

Question 19

what are the two methods for measuring species diversity

Answer 19

species richness
species evenness

Question 20

what is species richness

Answer 20

the number of different species in an area

Question 21

what is species evenness

Answer 21

a comparison of the size of each population in an area

Question 22

the greater the species richness and evenness in an area the

Answer 22

higher the biodiversity

Question 23

the bigger the sample the more

Answer 23

accurate the estimate

Question 24

quadrats usually have 100 squares, what is rhe area of the quadrat

Answer 24

0.25m2

Question 25

limitations of using a quadrat (2/3)

Answer 25

limited the low/flat surfaces limited to plants and animals can run away

Question 26

limitations of using a pit fall trap (2/3)

Answer 26

small invertebrates only you need to be away of seasons and the time of day (hibernation and nocternal)

Question 27

limitations of using the longworth mammal trap (2)

Answer 27

SIZE of animal can only catch one at a timel

Question 28

limitations of using sweep nets (2)

Answer 28

cant really be used randomly skill is required with the net to be effective

Question 29

limitation of dip net (1)

Answer 29

difficult to sample aquatic plants

Question 30

limitations of pooters (3)

Answer 30

the diameter of the opening limits the size of the insect you can catch limited by the height of the tree/ is it really random insect could run away

Question 31

limitations of remote cameras (1)

Answer 31

difficult to identify individuals/you dont know if youve seen them before the animals are illusive

Question 32

what are 3 conservation agreements

Answer 32

rio convention on biological diversity countryside stewardship scheme convention on international trade in endangered species

Question 33

what is the convention on international trade in endangered species

Answer 33

a Scheme to ensure that trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species- a conservation agreement

Question 34

what is the Countryside Stewardship Scheme

Answer 34

a Scheme which gave farmers money to conserve wildlife habitats and improve the environment- a conservation agreement

Question 35

what is the Rio Convention on Biological Diversity

Answer 35

a Scheme to enforce strategies to conserve, protect and enhance biodiversity - a conservation agreement

Question 36

What are the two types of conservation methods? and what are they

Answer 36

In situ conservation takes place within the natural habitat. Ex situ conservation takes place outside the natural habitat.

Question 37

Give two examples of in situ conservation

Answer 37

marine conservation zones and wildlife reserves

Question 38

Give three examples of ex situ conservation

Answer 38

Botanic gardens Seed banks Captive breeding programmes

Question 39

res