Chapter 11: 11.2 Chromosomal Nondisjunction, Aneuploidy, and Polyploidy

Question 1

Nondisjunction

Answer 1

Non-separation
* Can lead to cells containing more than the correct number of homologous chromosomes
* Can occur in meiosis I or meiosis II

Question 2

Numerical mutations

Answer 2

Those in which there’s a change to the number of chromosomes in a species’ cell

Question 3

Euploid

Answer 3

An organism with the appropriate number of chromosomes for their species

Question 4

Aneuploidy

Answer 4

Change in number of chromosomes (2n +/- a number)

Question 5

Why does aneuploidy generally occur?

Answer 5

Nondisjunction during meiosis

Question 6

Polyploidy

Answer 6

Increase in chromosome sets (3n, 4n, 5n etc.)

Question 7

True or False:

Polyploidy is rare in plants

Answer 7

False, it is rare in animals and more commonly found in plants

Question 8

Autopolyploidy

Answer 8

Chromosome sets multiply from within the same species (1 parent)

Question 9

Allopolyploidy

Answer 9

Chromosome sets multiple from 2 or more species (2 distinct parents)