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Medical Terminology > chapter 11 > Flashcards

chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the use of the gastrointestinal system

A

to take in and break down food for energy

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2
Q

what are the three steps of the GI system

A

digestion, absorption, and defecation

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3
Q

What are other terms for the GI tract

A

digestive tract or alimentary canal

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4
Q

what are the accessory organs of the GI tract

A

pancreas, gallbladder, and liver

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5
Q

what is in the upper GI tract

A

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach

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6
Q

What is in the lower GI tract

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, anus

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7
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

lining of the inner surface of the body wall

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8
Q

visceral peritoneum, serosa

A

outer lining of digestive tract

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9
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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10
Q

dent/o, ordont/o

A

tooth

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11
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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12
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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13
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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14
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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15
Q

enter/o

A

intestine; usually large

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16
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum “twelve”; first section of the small intestine

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17
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum “empty”; second section of the small intestine

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18
Q

ile/o

A

ileum “groin” third section of the small intestine

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19
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon; large intestine

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20
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon; last portion of colon before rectum

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21
Q

rect/o

A

rectum; last section of the colon

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22
Q

an/o

A

anus

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23
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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24
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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25
Q

bil/i, chol/e

A

bile

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26
Q

cholelith

A

gall stone

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27
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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28
Q

abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o

A

abdomen

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29
Q

cyst/o

A

cistern; storage

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30
Q

doch/o

A

duct

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31
Q

hepat/o, haptic/o

A

liver

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32
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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33
Q

what is the most common complaint of the GI tract

A

pain in the small intestine

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34
Q

cholecystalgia

A

pain in the gallbladder

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35
Q

dyspepsia

A

pain of general nausea-indigestion

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36
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

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37
Q

jaundice, icterus

A

gallbladder and liver dysfunction

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38
Q

aerodontalgia

A

tooth pain from exposure to air

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39
Q

aphasia

A

not eating due to mouth or tooth pain

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40
Q

cholemesis

A

vomiting of bile

41
Q

eupepsia

A

good digestion

42
Q

dyspepsia

A

bad digestion

43
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood

44
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

45
Q

hemorrhoid

A

inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus

46
Q

odontoclasis

A

breaking of a tooth

47
Q

ascites

A

retention of fluid in the peritoneum

48
Q

bariatrics

A

branch of medicine dealing with weight loss

49
Q

hernia

A

rupture or protrusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it

50
Q

anophony

A

sound from the anus

51
Q

flatus

A

flatulence; passing gas

52
Q

steatorrhea

A

excessive fat discharge in feces

53
Q

sialoangiectasis

A

overexpansion of the salivary glands

54
Q

endoscope

A

device to view the inside

55
Q

gastroscope

A

device to view the stomach

56
Q

laparoscopy

A

device to view inside the abdomen

57
Q

sigmoidoscope

A

device to view the sigmoid colon

58
Q

cholangiogram

A

record of the bile vessels

59
Q

cholecystogram

A

record of the gallbladder

60
Q

FOBT

A

fecal occult blood test; test of the feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

61
Q

periodontitis

A

inflammation of the gums

62
Q

stomatomycosis

A

fungal infection of the mouth

63
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

64
Q

colorectal carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of the colon and rectum

65
Q

enteropathy

A

disease of the intestines

66
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

overgrowth of gums

67
Q

glossotrichia

A

overdevelopment of the bumps on the tongue, hair like appearance

68
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the spincter between the stomach and duodenum

69
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the rectum and exterior skin

70
Q

colovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the colon and vagina

71
Q

proctoptosis

A

sagging of the anus and rectum

72
Q

diverticulosis

A

condition of the small pouches on the colon

73
Q

sclerosing cholangitis

A

inflammation and hardening of the bile vessels

74
Q

cholangioma

A

tumor of the bile vessels

75
Q

cirrhosis

A

hardening of the liver; destruction of the liver due to alcoholism or hepatitis

76
Q

antacid

A

reduces acid in stomach

77
Q

antiemetic

A

prevents nausea and vomiting

78
Q

cathartic

A

agent to produce bowel movements

79
Q

sialagogic

A

causes saliva to prevent dry mouth

80
Q

cholelithotripsy

A

crushing of the bile stone

81
Q

BE

A

barium enema; barium sulfate in colon to x ray for lesions

82
Q

NGT

A

nasogastric tube

83
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

84
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

85
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

86
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

87
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

88
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

89
Q

GB

A

gallbladder

90
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

91
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

92
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

93
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

94
Q

PEJ

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

95
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

96
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

97
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

98
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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