Chapter 10 Vocab

Question 1

Albinism

Answer 1

A congenital condition marked by deficiency in, or total lack of, pigmentation. White everything, pink/blue irises

Question 2

Binocular vision

Answer 2

Vision using both eyes working together to perceive a single image

Question 3

Cataract:

Answer 3

Clouding of the crystalline lens of the eye that results in a reduction or loss of vision

Question 4

Cortical visual impairment:

Answer 4

Decreased vision or blindness caused by known or suspected damage or malfunction of the part of the brain that interpret visual info.

Question 5

Field of vision:

Answer 5

The expanse of the space visible with both eyes looking straight ahead, measured in degrees 160-170 degrees is considered normal

Question 6

Glaucoma:

Answer 6

An eye disease characterized by abnormally high pressure inside the eyeball. Untreated can lead to total blindness but if detected most cases can be arrested.

Question 7

Hyperopia:

Answer 7

: Farsightedness; condition in which the image comes to a focus behind the retina instead of on it, causing difficulty in seeing near object

Question 8

Legally blind

Answer 8

Visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye after the best possible correction with glasses o contact lenses or vision restricted to a field of 20 degrees or less.

Question 9

Low vision:

Answer 9

Visual impairment severe enough so that special educational services are required.

Question 10

Myopia

Answer 10

: Nearsightedness; results when light is focuses on a point in front of the retina resulting in a blurred image for distant objects

Question 11

Nystagmus:

Answer 11

A rapid, involuntary, rhythmic movement of the eyes that may cause difficulty in reading or fixating on an object.

Question 12

Ocular notility

Answer 12

The eye’s ability to move

Question 13

Partially sighted

Answer 13

The term used for legal and governmental purposes that means visual acuity of no better than 20/70 in the better eye after correction

Question 14

Refraction

Answer 14

used in assessing and correcting vision

Question 15

Sighted guide technique

Answer 15

A method by which a sighted person can help a person with visual impairments grasps the sighted person’s arm just above the elbow and walks half a step behind in a natural manner

Question 16

Strabismus

Answer 16

A condition in which one eye cannot attain binocular vision with the other eye because of imbalanced muscles

Question 17

Tunnel vision

Answer 17

Visual impairments in which a person has good central vision but poor peripheral vision

Question 18

Visual acuity:

Answer 18

The ability to clearly distinguished forms or discriminate details at a specified distance

Question 19

Visual efficiency

Answer 19

A term used to describe how effectively a person uses his or her vision. Includes factors such as control of eye movement, near and distant visual acuity and speed etc.