Chapter 10 Vocab Flashcards
Affect heuristic
A rule of thumb in which we choose between alternatives based on emotional or “gut” reactions to stimuli.
Aphasia
The loss of the ability to speak or understand language
Availability heuristic
A rule of thumb in which the frequency of an event’s occurrence is predicted by the ease with which the event is brought to mind.
Cognition
Internal mental processes including information processing, thinking, reasoning, and problem solving
Crystallized intelligence
The ability to think logically using the specific learned knowledge
Exemplar
A specific member of a category used to represent the category
Fluid intelligence
The ability to think logically without the need to use learned knowledge.
General intelligence
A measure of an individual’s overall intelligence as opposed to specific abilities.
Heuristic
A shortcut to problem solving: also known as a rule of thumb
Intelligence disability
A condition diagnosed in individuals demonstrating cognitive deficits apparent early in life and poor adaptive behaviors; also known as mental retardation.
Intelligence
The ability to understand complex ideas, adapt effectively to the environment, learn from experience, engage in reasoning, and overcome obstacles.
Intelligence quotient
A measure of individual intelligence relative to a statistically normal curve
Language
A system for communicating thoughts and feelings using arbitrary signals.
Morpheme
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning.
Phoneme
A speech sound
