Chapter 10 Cellular respiration Flashcards
cellular repiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
What type of process is cellular respiration?
Chemical process
What are the types of cellular respiration
aerobic and anaerobic
Down sides of anaerobic respiration
Very inefficient
Chloroplast vs Mitochondria
chloroplast are found in only plant cells along with mitochondrion, which differs from mitochondria which is found in only animal cells
Stroma vs Matrix
They are both the cytoplasm of the energy related organelles
Cristae
Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
Thylakoids vs Cristae
they are both double lipid bi-layer
Cellular respiration vs breahing
Breathing is physical exchange of gasses. Respiration is a chemical process
Hydrolysis
Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
calorie
Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C
Calorie vs calorie
A Calorie (also known as a food calorie) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by 1 kg@ A calorie (also known as a chemistry calorie) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by 1g
How is E stored in cells
It is stored in the bods of macromolecules
1g of glucose
3811 calories
1g of Fat
8893 calories
Do cells break down glucose fast or gradually?
Gradually to avoid loss of energy. If broken down quickly energy would be lost as heat or light.
general equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
Glycolysis
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
Krebs cycle
second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
electron transport chain
A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.
Where does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
Where does the Krebs cycle occur?
mitochondrial matrix
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
inner membrane of mitochondria
alcholic fermentation
The process by which yeast turns sugar into carbon dioxide (CO2) and alcohol.
lactic acid fermentation
the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product
