Chapter 10 Cellular respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

cellular repiration

A

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

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2
Q

ATP

A

(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work

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3
Q

What type of process is cellular respiration?

A

Chemical process

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4
Q

What are the types of cellular respiration

A

aerobic and anaerobic

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5
Q

Down sides of anaerobic respiration

A

Very inefficient

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6
Q

Chloroplast vs Mitochondria

A

chloroplast are found in only plant cells along with mitochondrion, which differs from mitochondria which is found in only animal cells

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7
Q

Stroma vs Matrix

A

They are both the cytoplasm of the energy related organelles

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8
Q

Cristae

A

Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.

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9
Q

Thylakoids vs Cristae

A

they are both double lipid bi-layer

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10
Q

Cellular respiration vs breahing

A

Breathing is physical exchange of gasses. Respiration is a chemical process

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11
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water

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12
Q

calorie

A

Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C

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13
Q

Calorie vs calorie

A

A Calorie (also known as a food calorie) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by 1 kg@ A calorie (also known as a chemistry calorie) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by 1g

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14
Q

How is E stored in cells

A

It is stored in the bods of macromolecules

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15
Q

1g of glucose

A

3811 calories

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16
Q

1g of Fat

A

8893 calories

17
Q

Do cells break down glucose fast or gradually?

A

Gradually to avoid loss of energy. If broken down quickly energy would be lost as heat or light.

18
Q

general equation for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

19
Q

Glycolysis

A

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

20
Q

Krebs cycle

A

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

21
Q

electron transport chain

A

A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.

22
Q

Where does glycolysis occur?

A

cytoplasm

23
Q

Where does the Krebs cycle occur?

A

mitochondrial matrix

24
Q

Where does the electron transport chain occur?

A

inner membrane of mitochondria

25
Q

alcholic fermentation

A

The process by which yeast turns sugar into carbon dioxide (CO2) and alcohol.

26
Q

lactic acid fermentation

A

the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product