Chapter 10 Flashcards
Homeostasis
Temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep certain body variables within fixed range
Set point
A single value that they body works to maintain
Negative feedback
Processes that reduce discrepancies from the set point
Allostasis
The adaptive way in which the body changes its set point in response to changes in life or the environment
Basal metabolism
The energy used to maintain a constant body temperature while at rest
Poikilothermic
Idea that the body temperature matches that of the environment
Amphibians, reptiles
Homeothermic
The use of internal physiological mechanisms to maintain almost constant body temperature
Mammals
Requires energy and fuel
Ex: sweating , shivering
Preoptic area/ anterior hypothalamus (POA//AH)
Monitors the body’s temperature by monitoring its own temperature
Heating= panting
Cooling=shivering
Cytokines
Proteins that attack intruders but also stimulate the vagus nerve
Causes fever to kill virus
Water in the body must be regulated within narrow limits
True or false
True
The concentration of chemicals in water determines the rate of all chemical reactions in the body
T or F
True
Vasopressin
A hormone released which raises blood pressure by constricting blood vessels
Helps to compensate for the decreased water volume
Osmotic thirst
A thirst resulting from eating salty foods, high solute concentration causes loss of water from cells
Located at OVLT
Accompanied by vasopressin secretion
Hypovolemic thirst
A thirst resulting from loss of fluids due to low blood volume
Located in the veins, subfornical organ
Increased by angiotensin II
Solved by drinking water containing solutes/salt
Supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus
Control the rate at which the posterior pituitary releases vasopressin
Lateral preoptic area
Controls drinking
A combination of learned and unlearned factors contribute to hunger and eating behaviors
T or f
F
Lactase
Necessary for metabolizing lactose
Vagus nerve
Convey information about the stretching of the stomach walls to the brain
Splanchinic nerves
Convey information about the nutrient contents of the stomach
Cholecystokinin
Regulates hunger
Hunger path
Eating
Blood glucose: up, insulin release: up
Insulin enter cells for storage, hunger goes down
Blood glucose: down, insulin release: down
Hunger
Anorexia nervosa
Eating disorder associated with an unwillingness to eat as much as needed
Bulimia nervosa
Eating disorder in which people alternate between extreme dieting and binges of overeating
Forced vomit
