Chapter 10

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep certain body variables within fixed range

Question 2

Set point

Answer 2

A single value that they body works to maintain

Question 3

Negative feedback

Answer 3

Processes that reduce discrepancies from the set point

Question 4

Allostasis

Answer 4

The adaptive way in which the body changes its set point in response to changes in life or the environment

Question 5

Basal metabolism

Answer 5

The energy used to maintain a constant body temperature while at rest

Question 6

Poikilothermic

Answer 6

Idea that the body temperature matches that of the environment

Amphibians, reptiles

Question 7

Homeothermic

Answer 7

The use of internal physiological mechanisms to maintain almost constant body temperature

Mammals

Requires energy and fuel

Ex: sweating , shivering

Question 8

Preoptic area/ anterior hypothalamus (POA//AH)

Answer 8

Monitors the body’s temperature by monitoring its own temperature

Heating= panting

Cooling=shivering

Question 9

Cytokines

Answer 9

Proteins that attack intruders but also stimulate the vagus nerve

Causes fever to kill virus

Question 10

Water in the body must be regulated within narrow limits

True or false

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The concentration of chemicals in water determines the rate of all chemical reactions in the body

T or F

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Vasopressin

Answer 12

A hormone released which raises blood pressure by constricting blood vessels

Helps to compensate for the decreased water volume

Question 13

Osmotic thirst

Answer 13

A thirst resulting from eating salty foods, high solute concentration causes loss of water from cells

Located at OVLT

Accompanied by vasopressin secretion

Question 14

Hypovolemic thirst

Answer 14

A thirst resulting from loss of fluids due to low blood volume

Located in the veins, subfornical organ

Increased by angiotensin II

Solved by drinking water containing solutes/salt

Question 15

Supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus

Answer 15

Control the rate at which the posterior pituitary releases vasopressin

Question 16

Lateral preoptic area

Answer 16

Controls drinking

Question 17

A combination of learned and unlearned factors contribute to hunger and eating behaviors

T or f

Answer 17

F

Question 18

Lactase

Answer 18

Necessary for metabolizing lactose

Question 19

Vagus nerve

Answer 19

Convey information about the stretching of the stomach walls to the brain

Question 20

Splanchinic nerves

Answer 20

Convey information about the nutrient contents of the stomach

Question 21

Cholecystokinin

Answer 21

Regulates hunger

Question 22

Hunger path

Answer 22

Eating

Blood glucose: up, insulin release: up

Insulin enter cells for storage, hunger goes down

Blood glucose: down, insulin release: down

Hunger

Question 23

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 23

Eating disorder associated with an unwillingness to eat as much as needed

Question 24

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 24

Eating disorder in which people alternate between extreme dieting and binges of overeating

Forced vomit