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Ap Euro History > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q 
The French parlements spoke for the interests of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. aristocracy
B. peasantry
C. guilds
D. clergy
A

A

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2
Q 
Who was responsible for the introduction of the revolutionary land tax that all landowners would have to pay regardless of their social status?
A. Jacques Necker
B. Louis XIV
C. René Maupeou
D. Charles Alexandre de Calonne
A

D

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3
Q 
The Second Estate of the Estates General was made up of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. clergy
B. bourgeoisie
C. artisans
D. nobility
A

D

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4
Q 
Throughout the winter and spring of 1789, the high prices for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ produced many riots.  
A. wine
B. cotton
C. cheese
D. bread
A

D

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5
Q 
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was proclaimed by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Louis XVI
B. the National Constituent Assembly
C. the Directory
D. the First Estate
A

B

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6
Q 
According to the suffrage stipulations of the Constitution of 1791, approximately how many of France’s 25 million citizens were qualified to vote?
A. 50,000
B. 250,000
C. 1 million
D. 25 million
A

A

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7
Q 
The term sans-culottes was used in revolutionary France to refer to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. children
B. the professional classes
C. the lower middle-class
D. the lower clergy
A

C

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8
Q

Louis XVI was condemned to death on the charge of ________.
A. conspiring against the liberty of the people
B. the manslaughter of hundreds of revolutionaries
C. subversive actions against the state
D. conspiracy to commit murder

A

A

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9
Q 
What foreign power dominated Poland after the second partition was complete?
A. Prussia
B. Austria
C. Russia
D. France
A

C

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10
Q

Which of these sparked war between France and most of the rest of Europe in 1792?
A. the execution of Louis XVI
B. the formation of the Constituent Assembly
C. the Tennis Court Oath
D. the French invasion of Belgium

A

D

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11
Q 
Many victims of the Reign of Terror were subject to this “humane” form of execution. What was it?
A. hanging
B. guillotine
C. starvation
D. poisoning
A

B

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12
Q 
Which body carried out the policies in the Reign of Terror?
A. the Legislative Assembly
B. the Convention
C. the Committee of Public Safety
D. the Estates General
A

C

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13
Q 
Who were the primary targets of the revolutionary tribunals?
A. politicians
B. peasants
C. aristocrats
D. enemies of the revolution
A

D

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14
Q

What happened on the Ninth of Thermidor to end the Reign of Terror?
A. Robespierre was placed in charge of the Committee of Public Safety.
B. Members of the Convention stood together to shout down Robespierre.
C. Robespierre delivered a speech making it clear that no one in the Convention was safe from the Terror.
D. Robespierre replaced the worship of reason with the “Cult of the Supreme Being.”

A

B

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15
Q 
The French Revolution has often been considered a victory of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 
A. peasantry
B. clergy
C. nobility
D. bourgeoisie
A

D

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16
Q 
The Treaties of Basel in March and June 1795 concluded peace with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Poland and Spain
B. Prussia and Poland
C. Spain and Prussia
D. Poland and Great Britain
A

C

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17
Q 
What was the period called that saw the execution of those people who had been involved in the Reign of Terror?
A. the Thermidorian Reaction
B. the September Massacres
C. the Cult of Reason
D. the white terror
A

D

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18
Q 
With what type of political movement is the term Thermidor associated?
A. revolution
B. overthrow of a monarchy
C. political reaction
D. populism
A

C

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19
Q 
Who put down the royalist rebels in October 1795 that were intensifying the food riots?
A. Robespierre
B. Napoleon Bonaparte
C. William Pitt the Younger
D. Jacques Danton
A

B

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20
Q 
How many émigrés left France after the Revolution?
A. fewer than 1,000
B. 10,000
C. over 16,000 
D. 50,000
A

C

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21
Q

How did Louis XVI and his family try to escape Paris in June 1791?
A. They disguised themselves as servants.
B. They were escorted by military police.
C. They were given freedom to pass by sympathetic revolutionaries.
D. They were escorted by clergymen.

A

A

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22
Q

Who issued the Declaration of Pillnitz?
A. Emperor Leopold II of Austria and King Frederick William II of Prussia
B. Marie Antoinette of France and King Frederick William II of Prussia
C. King Louis XVI of France and Emperor Leopold II of Austria
D. Emperor Leopold II of Austria and Marie Antoinette of France

A

A

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23
Q

What two exceptions did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy make in the policy of dissolving religious orders in France?
A. orders that had been supportive of the revolution and those in the countryside
B. orders that had been supportive of the monarchy and those located in urban centers
C. those orders that cared for the sick or ran a school
D. those orders that were well connected to nobles or who had been financially supported by the royal family

A

C

24
Q

How did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy reform the church in France?
A. It demanded that clergymen must marry.
B. It demanded that the clergy live in the district in
which they preached.
C. It demanded that all clergy must take an oath to support the Civil Constitution.
D. It required the church to become a branch of the secular government.

A

C

25
Q

What revenue was to back up the value of the assignats?
A. new taxes on the nobility
B. taxes on the Third Estate
C. wealth captured after the monarchy was executed
D. the sale of church property

A

D

26
Q

By which of the following ways did the aristocracy attempt to limit the influence of the Third Estate?
A. They demanded that each estate have an equal number of representatives.
B. They levied excessive “luxury” taxes on the estate.
C. They demanded that each individual should have a vote in the Estates General.
D. They attempted to disband the estate all together.

A

A

27
Q

The cahiers de doléances ________.
A. were grievances presented to the king
B. were largely requests for postponement of taxes
C. consisted of criticism of the monarchy
D. were calls for property tax changes

A

A

28
Q

The Tennis Court Oath refers to an oath taken by the ________.
A. National Assembly to give France a constitution
B.monarchy of Louis XVI to bring France’s people together as one
C. sans-culottes, pushing the revolution in a more radical direction
D. monarchy of Louis XVI to squelch any hint of possible rebellion with the utmost severity

A

A

29
Q

During the Great Fear ________.
A. peasants demanded the execution of Louis XVI
B. the liberal nobles attained new titles and wealth
C. disturbances in cities and countryside led to fear of violence
D. the nobility refused to make concessions to the peasantry

A

C

30
Q 
Which of the following best describes the form of government pursued by the National Constituent Assembly?
A. democracy
B. constitutional monarchy
C. oligarchy
D. theocracy
A

B

31
Q 
The Chapelier Law \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. forbade workers’ associations
B. put a protective tariff on wine imports
C. granted female suffrage
D. expunged residual feudal dues
A

A

32
Q 
The Roman Catholic Church \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 
A. condemned the French Revolution
B. enthusiastically supported the French Revolution
C. accepted the French Revolution
D. ignored the French Revolution
A

A

33
Q

How did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy change the legal position of the Roman Catholic Church?
A. It increased the status of the church.
B. It made the church into a branch of the secular state.
C. It directed the Roman Catholic Church to supervise hospitals and schools in France.
D. It restricted religious freedom for all the faithful.

A

B

34
Q

Why did the émigrés leave France after the revolution?
A. They left to find religious freedom.
B. They wanted to begin a counterrevolutionary movement.
C. They were driven out by revolutionaries.
D. They left to find a better life because the social order of France was undergoing fundamental change.

A

B

35
Q

The sans-culottes wanted, above all else, ________.
A. a constitutional monarchy
B. relief from food shortages and high prices
C. tax relief
D. democracy

A

B

36
Q

What justification did the Paris Commune give for the September Massacres?
A. They claimed that the people held in city jails were counterrevolutionaries and threatened the gains of the revolution.
B. They claimed that the aristocrats executed in the massacre had worked against the goals of the revolution and could not be trusted to be free.
C. They claimed that the massacres targeted counterrevolutionaries.
D. They claimed that the massacres were directed by the Legislative Assembly against enemies of the state.

A

C

37
Q

As Prime Minister of Britain, William Pitt the Younger ________.
A. embraced political reform
B. supported the French Revolution
C. suppressed the more radical political movements
D. suppressed calls for reform

A

D

38
Q

Issued in August of 1793, the levée en masse was a(n) ________.
A. military requisition on the entire population
B. restriction on foreign imports
C.attempt to fix prices in order to quell inflation
D. call to the French population to rise up and defend the church

A

A

39
Q

By late 1794, the French army ________.
A. was disbanded
B. was larger than any other in European history
C. numbered little more than 50,000 men
D. joined forces with the soldiers of Polish reform

A

B

40
Q

The core value of the republic of virtue created by the revolution was ________.
A. public good over the private good
B. individual interests over the general will
C. private good over the public good
D. liberty for all

A

A

41
Q

What was the purpose of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women?
A. to promote the civil rights of women
B.to fight the internal enemies of the revolution
C. to fight the political enemies of the republicans in the Convention
D. to support the development of a new Constitution

A

B

42
Q 
The changes made to the traditional calendar illustrate which of these revolutionary policies?
A. de-Christianization
B. republicanism
C. the Reign of Terror
D. radicalization
A

A

43
Q

How did the Jacobins suppress the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women?
A. They called for a popular vote on the economic policies advanced by the society.
B.They banned all women’s clubs and societies.
C. They convicted the leaders of the society and sent them to prison.
D. They offered to include the society in their regular meetings.

A

B

44
Q

How did most French people react to the de-Christianization of France?
A. They largely supported it as a way to further the revolutionary policies.
B. They opposed the de-Christianization and reacted against the revolutionary government in Paris.
C. They violently opposed the policy and took up arms against the deputies of the government.
D. They reacted with solid support and participated in desecrating churches.

A

B

45
Q

How did the revolutionary tribunals deal with Girondist politicians who had been prominent in the Legislative Assembly?
A. The tribunal commended their dedication to the country and issued grants of land and property.
B. The tribunal executed many Girondists.
C. The tribunal tried the Girondists, but most were acquitted.
D. They tied them to rafts and drowned them in the river Loire.

A

B

46
Q

The Thermidorian Reaction was a product of reaction to what two developments?
A. the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and the Great Fear
B. the Tennis Court Oath and the Reign of Terror
C. the Reign of Terror and the growing power of the sans-culottes
D. the deaths of Robespierre and Danton

A

C

47
Q

Which of the following best summarizes the comparison of freedoms exercised by women before and after the period from 1789 to 1795?
A. Women had less freedom before 1789.
B. Women had more freedom after 1795.
C. Women lost many freedoms after 1795.
D. The degree of freedom exercised was comparable.

A

C

48
Q

From where did the Thermidorians get their name?
A. The name came from the events of July 27, or 9 Thermidor on the revolutionary calendar, when members of the Convention shouted down Robespierre.
B. The name came from Robert Thermidor who planned the toppling of Robespierre on the floor of the Convention.
C. The name came from the name of the room in which members of the Convention issued the order to have Robespierre executed.
D. The name came from the group of organizers who stood in opposition to the leadership of Robespierre on the Committee of Public Safety.

A

A

49
Q

How did the Girondists fare after the Thermidorian Reaction?
A. They were routed out of hiding and executed.
B. They were removed from public life.
C. They were outlawed.
D. Many returned to their places in the government.

A

D

50
Q 
Which of these events occurred as a result of the Thermidorian Reaction?
A. the Reign of Terror
B. the execution of the royal family
C. the Great Fear
D. the white terror
A

D

51
Q

What generalization could be made about the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
A. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy did more than any other action to make an enemy of the Roman Catholic Church for France.
B. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy made reasoned and necessary rules to limit the control of the Roman Catholic Church over the people.
C. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy created an unpopular move to dissolve religious orders and restructure the role of the Roman Catholic Church in government.
D. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was an ineffective tool for changing the power of the Roman Catholic Church in France.

A

A

52
Q 
The Jacobins, like those who carried out the September Massacres, were motivated by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. fear of counterrevolution
B. bread riots
C. the white terror
D. fear of the Catholic Church
A

A

53
Q

Which of the following best summarizes Edmund Burke’s view of the French Revolution?
A. He wholeheartedly supported the uprising.
B. He believed it was shortsighted and politically ignorant.
C. He believed it was the inevitable extension of Enlightenment ideals.
D. He was rather ambivalent toward the revolutionary events.

A

B.

54
Q

William Pitt’s domestic policies are best seen in the light of _______.
A. ideological opposition to liberal reform
B. his atheism
C. the moderate phase of the French Revolution
D. fear of the French Revolution

A

D

55
Q

Which of the following best explains the actions of Maximilien de Robespierre?
A. fanatical support of the republican government
B. opposition to the radical revolution
C. fear of the sans-culottes
D. support for the physiocrats

A

A

Ap Euro History (17 decks)

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