chapter 10

Question 1

definitions of mixed dysarthria

Answer 1

occurs when neurologic damage extends into 2 or more parts of motor system; characterized by combination of characteristics in single (pure) dysarthria

Question 2

neurologic basis of mixed dysarthria

Answer 2

neurologic damage across anatomical boundaries, affecting various components of motor system; prominence of each pure dysarthria within mixed dysarthria varies across individuals

Question 3

causes of mixed dysarthria

Answer 3

single or multiple strokes, brain tumors, traumatic head injuries, degenerative diseases, infectious diseases

Question 4

multiple sclerosis

Answer 4

progressive demyelinating disease that occurs in brainstem, cerebellum, cerebral hemispheres, and spinal cord; ataxic-spastic most common

Question 5

multisystem atrophy

Answer 5

collective term for degenerative disorders: shy-drager syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, olivopontocerebellar atrophy

Question 6

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Answer 6

progressive degeneration of any of 4 areas of motor neurons (often affects all 4); flaccid-spastic most common

Question 7

wilson’s disease

Answer 7

rare, hereditary disease preventing normal metabolism of copper; ataxic-spastic-hypokinetic most common

Question 8

friedreich’s ataxia

Answer 8

rare, inherited, progressive disorder that’s causes neuron degeneration in cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord; ataxic-spastic most common

Question 9

treatment of mixed dysarthria

Answer 9

general rule: first treatment component most severely affecting speech production; may need to introduce AAC later

Question 10

if elements of speech are equally affected

Answer 10

use sequence of respiration, resonation, phonation, articulation, prosody