assessments of MSDs in children

Question 1

pediatric msds

Answer 1

developmental dysarthria & CAS

Question 2

developmental dysarthria causes

Answer 2

-a form of neurogenic speech impairment manifesting in children
-caused by problems in an underdeveloped human brain when reconciling with the also developing motor control centers in the brain
-associated with cerebral palsy

Question 3

developmental dysarthria deficits

Answer 3

deficits in the neuromuscular areas across several areas such as speed, range of motion, and steadiness

Question 4

cerebral palsy

Answer 4

disorder of movement, muscle tone, or posture that is caused by damage that occurs in the immature, developing brain, before birth

Question 5

signs & symptoms of CP

Answer 5

impaired movement associated with abnormal reflexes, floppiness or rigidity of the limbs and trunks, abnormal posture, involuntary movements, unsteady walking or some combination of these

Question 6

congenital cp

Answer 6

-brain damage before or during birth
-risk factors:
-being born to small or early
-being born a twin or multiple birth
-being conceived by IVF
-mother had infection during birth
-having kernicterus
-having birth complicatios

Question 7

acquired CP

Answer 7

-brain damage that occurs more than 28 days after birth
risks:
-brain infection
-suffering a serious head injury
-most is unknown

Question 8

early signs of CP in 3-6 months of age

Answer 8

-head falls back when picked up while lying on back
-feels stiff
-feels floppy
-seems to overextend back and neck when cradled in someone’s arms
-legs get stuff and cross or scissor when picked up

Question 9

early signs of CP for older than 6 months

Answer 9

-doesn’t roll over
-cannot bring hands together
-has difficulty bringing hands to mouth
-reaches out with only one hand while keeping the other fisted

Question 10

early signs of CP in babies older than 10 months of age

Answer 10

-crawls in lopsided manner, pushing off with one hand and leg while dragging the opposite hand and leg
-scoots around on buttocks or hops on knees, but does not crawl on all fours

Question 11

signs & symptoms of developmental dysarthria

Answer 11

-one or more of the speech processes may be affected
-difficulty producing sounds that need precise tongue control and movements for consonants and vowels
-difficulty prodcuing the rapud, coordinated movements across muscle groups required for voicing distinctions and consonant clusters

Question 12

assessment of developmental dysarthria

Answer 12

-administer case history
-thorough oral motor exam
-exam of primitive reflexes
-speech assessment
-rule out other aspects
-confirm diagnosis

Question 13

speech assessment would find

Answer 13

-marked difficulties with strength, speech, and accuracy of movement
-weak vocal quality
-hypo- or hypernasality
-weak articulatory contacts
-rapid or slow speaking rate
-vowel disotritions
-imprecise or weakly targeted consonants
-generally weak, muschym garbled, imprecise speech

Question 14

non-speech findings

Answer 14

difficulties with sucking, chewing, and swallowing that may cause drooling, gagging, and choking

Question 15

management issues and decisions

Answer 15

-focus on communication rather than speech in terms of management

Question 16

goals of treatment

Answer 16

-maximize the effectiveness, efficiency of communication
-restore lost function (if possible)
-promote the use of resuidal function (compensenate)
-reduce the need for lost function (if possible)