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Pakistan Studies (Geo) > Chapter 1: The natural Topography > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The natural Topography Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three major mountain ranges in Northern and North Western Pakistan?

A
  • The Himalayas
  • Karakoram
  • Hindu Kush
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2
Q

What is the average height and highest peak of the Himalayas in Pakistan?

A

Average height: 4000m; Highest peak: Nanga Parbat (8126m).

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3
Q

What is the average height and highest peak of the Karakoram range?

A

Average height: 6000m; Highest peak: K-2 (8610m).

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4
Q

What is the average height and highest peak of the Hindu Kush range?

A

Average height: 5000m; Highest peak: Tirich Mir (7690m).

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5
Q

What are the key relief features of the Northern and North Western Mountains?

A
  • Snow-capped peaks
  • sharp peaks
  • passes
  • glaciers
  • V-shaped valleys
  • steep slopes
  • forests
  • fast-flowing rivers.
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6
Q

Name 4 major passes in the Northern and North Western Mountains.

A
  • Khunjerab
  • Shandur
  • Babusar
  • Lowari
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7
Q

List some economic activities in the Northern and North Western Mountains.

A
  • Nomadic lifestyle
  • Cattle breeding
  • Terraced farming
  • Cottage industry
  • Honey-making
  • Fishing
  • Sugar refining
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of the drainage pattern in the Northern and North Western Mountains?

A
  • Gorges
  • Rapids
  • Springs
  • Streams
  • lakes
  • Fast-flowing rivers
  • Waterfalls.
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9
Q

Name two glaciers found in the Northern and North Western Mountains.

A

Baltoro and Batura.

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10
Q

List the environmental issues affecting the Northern and North Western Mountains.

A
  • Deforestation
  • Floods
  • Earthquakes
  • Landslides
  • Siltation
  • Soil erosion.
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11
Q

What are the main mountain ranges in the Western Mountains of Pakistan?

A
  • Waziristan Hills
  • Safed Koh
  • Suleman Range
  • Kirthar Range.
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12
Q

What are the main passes found in the Western Mountains?

A
  • Khyber
  • Kurram
  • Tochi
  • Bolan
  • Gomal.
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13
Q

Describe the relief features of the Western Mountains

A
  • Heights less than 4000m
  • Mineral deposits
  • Bare vegetation
  • Passes
  • Snow-capped peaks
  • Valleys.
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14
Q

Name some rivers found in the Western Mountains.

A
  • Kabul
  • Kurram
  • Tochi
  • Gomal
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15
Q

What are the main economic activities in the Western Mountains?

A
  • Nomadic lifestyle
  • Sheep and goat rearing
  • Mining
  • Minimal trade towns like Kohat and Peshawar.
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16
Q

Describe the key features of the Balochistan Plateau’s topography.

A
  • Inland drainage basins
  • Salt lakes
  • Saltpans where salt appears on the surface after evaporation
17
Q

Name the main rivers in the Balochistan Plateau.

A
  • Hab
  • Hingol
  • Dasht
  • Zhob.
18
Q

List the main economic resources and activities of the Balochistan Plateau

A
  • Mineral oil
  • Gas
  • Coal
  • Fishing
  • Livestock farming
  • Production of fruits and vegetables
19
Q

What is the topography of the Potwar Plateau?

A
  • Irregular depressions
  • Ridges
  • Ravines
  • Troughs
  • Gully formations by the Soan River.
20
Q

What are the economic activities in the Potwar Plateau?

A
  • Rain-fed agriculture
  • Mining for oil
  • Gas
  • Limestone
  • Salt
  • Gypsum
  • Cattle breeding
  • Trade facilitated by developed infrastructure.
21
Q

What are the main topographical features of the Indus Plain?

A
  • Active floodplains
  • Old floodplains
  • Alluvial terraces
  • Piedmont plains
  • Tidal delta
  • Deserts.
22
Q

Name the primary rivers of the Indus Plain.

A
  • Indus
  • Jhelum
  • Chenab
  • Ravi
  • Sutlej
23
Q

What are the main economic activities in the Indus Plain?

A
  • Trade
  • Industry
  • Agriculture
  • Fishing
  • Livestock farming
  • Services (tertiary sector).
24
Q

List the main deserts in Pakistan.

A
  • Thal Desert
  • Thar Desert
  • Cholistan
  • Nara
  • Tharparkar
  • Kharan.
25
Q

What are the environmental characteristics of the deserts in Pakistan?

A
  • Sandstorms
  • Rolling sand dunes
  • Weathering of rocks
  • Lack of vegetation
  • Bare rocks
  • Extreme temperatures
  • Cool nights
  • Drought-resistant plants
  • Low water table

Pakistan Studies (Geo) (10 decks)

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