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Chem > Chapter 1; Matter, Energy and Measurement > Flashcards

Chapter 1; Matter, Energy and Measurement Flashcards

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1
Q

In the solid state, particles of matter are…

A

Close together and in an ordered arrangement

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2
Q

In the liquid state, particles are in a…

A

Disordered arrangement but interacting with other particles

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3
Q

In the gas state, particles are…

A

Far apart, interacting only during the occasional collision

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4
Q

Energy is…

A

Capacity to do work

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5
Q

Work is …

A

act of moving an object against an opposing force

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6
Q

what of matter allows it to move at different levels of speed

A

energy of that matter

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7
Q

what can energy be

A

kinetic or potential

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8
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

the energy of motion

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9
Q

what is potential energy

A

stored energy;
what can happen

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10
Q

at what levels can kinetics energy of motion levels be described as

A

macro scale
atomic scale

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11
Q

what is an example of energy of motion for the macro scale and atomic scale

A

moving car
and
particles in motion

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12
Q

what is the order of mass states in order of greater kinetic energy/motion

A

gas state >
liquid state >
solid state

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13
Q

temperature is …

A

measure of average kinetic energy of particles of matter

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14
Q

what does higher kinetic energy have

A

higher temperature

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15
Q

lower kinetic energy has

A

lower temperatured

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16
Q

does a faster moving object have more or less energy than a slower moving object

A

more kinetic energy

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17
Q

heat is …

A

kinetic energy that is transferred from matter at higher temperature to matter at lower temperature

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18
Q

heat ALWAYS flows from …

A

hot to cold
e.g. hot coffee particles will transfer their kinetic energy to ice cube, who will absorb it and temp rise, while hot coffee temp lowers.
reach equilibrium

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19
Q

is high temperature hot or cold?

A

hot

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20
Q

is low temperature hot or cold?

A

cold

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21
Q

High potential energy is…

A

unstable

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22
Q

Low potential energy is stable or unstable,?

A

Stable

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23
Q

matter has potential energy as a result of its…

A

position or composition

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24
Q

some substances are […] in potential energy (less stable) and other substances are […] in energy (more stable) due to the nature of their composition

A

higher
lower

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25
Q

products of burned fuel are…

A

low potential energy

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26
Q

fuel is…

A

high potential energy

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27
Q

carbohydrates and fats in food are..

A

high potential energy

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28
Q

products of food metabolism …

A

low potential energy

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29
Q

is a compressed spring potential or kinetic energy

A

potential

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30
Q

is a windmill turning potential or kinetic energy

A

kinetic

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31
Q

are particles in the gas state colliding walls of their container potential or kinetic

A

kinetic

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32
Q

is a skier skiing down a mountain kinetic or potential energy

A

kinetic

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33
Q

is pasta prepared for a meal kinetic or potential

A

potential

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34
Q

to study matter you have to …

A

measure it

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35
Q

measurements consist of a …

A

number plus a unit

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36
Q

English system…

A

common in United States (only)

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37
Q

Metric system…

A

preferred in medicine and science

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38
Q

SI system…

A

international system based on metric system

39
Q

meter (m) …

A

for length and distance
(e.g. mile, km)

40
Q

gram (g)…

A

for mass and weight
(e.g scale)

41
Q

liter (L)

A

for volume
(e.g. liquid)

42
Q

second (s)

A

for time

43
Q

tera (T)

A

10^12

44
Q

giga (G)

A

10^9

45
Q

mega (M)

A

10^6

46
Q

kilo (k)

A

10^3

47
Q

deci (d)

A

10^-1

48
Q

centi (c)

A

10^-2

49
Q

milli (m)

A

10^-3

50
Q

micro (µ)

A

10^-6

51
Q

nano (n)

A

10^-9

52
Q

pico (p)

A

10^-12

53
Q

abbreviation for the base unit of each these quantities in the metric system

A

mass: g
length: m
time: s
volume: L

54
Q

1 mm =

A

10^-3 m

55
Q

what does kilometer measure…

A

distances greater than a meter

56
Q

1 km =

A

1,000 m

57
Q

1 foot (ft) in inches…

A

12 inches (in.)

58
Q

1 yard (yd) in feet…

A

3 feet (ft)

59
Q

1 mile (mi) in feet…

A

5, 280 feet (ft)

60
Q

SI unit e.g.

A

kilogram (kg)

61
Q

1 µg = 10^-6 g =

A

1mcg

62
Q

1 pound (lb) in oz

A

16 ounces (oz)

63
Q

volume units common in the medical field

A

pint (pt)
cubic centimeter (cc)

64
Q

volume is a unit of measurement derived from length where …

A

1 mL = 1 cm^3 and 1 L = 10^3 cm^3

65
Q

volume =

A

w x h x L

66
Q

1 cm^3

A

1 mL

67
Q

equation for volume of solid objects using measurement of liquid

A

V (object) = V (final) - V ( initial)

68
Q

1,000 cm^3 = 1,000 mL =

A

1 L

69
Q

8 cm^3

A

8 mL

69
Q

1000 cm^3 to L

A

1

69
Q

specific gravity =

A

density of substance (g/mL)
—————————————
density of water (g/mL)

70
Q

1 cm^3 to mL

A

1

71
Q

density equation

A

d = mass / volume

71
Q

units for density

A

g/mL
g/cm^3

72
Q

what substances are more denser at 25 C

A

ethanol>gold>iron>water

73
Q

prescribed dosage is a conversion factor

A

mass of drug
————-—————
mass of body weight

73
Q

C

A

Celsius

73
Q

density equals

A

mass and volume

74
Q

b.i.d.

A

twice per day, means divide the total amount by 2 and give every 12 hours

74
Q

q.i.d. or q.d.

A

once per day, means give the entire amount once each day

74
Q

F

A

Fahrenheit

75
Q

K

A

kelvin

76
Q

SI temperature scale is…

A

kelvin (K)

77
Q

does the Kelvin scale have negatives

A

no, it is absolute

78
Q

when do particles have no kinetic energy in the Kelvin scale

A

0 K

79
Q

in what problems is the Kelvin scale used

A

behavior of gases

80
Q

Farenheit scale is a

A

relative scale
(+) (-)
- reporting weather
- no medical field

81
Q

Celsius scale is a

A

relative scale
(+)(-)
- worldwide except US

82
Q

what is the normal body temperature in degrees celsius

A

=37 C

83
Q

what is the body temperature for hypothermia

A

<35 C
below

84
Q

what is the body temperature for heat stroke

A

> 40 C
over

85
Q

convert farenheight to celcius

A

C = F - 32
——-
1.8

86
Q

convert Kalvin to Celsius

A

C = K - 273.15

Chem (10 decks)

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