Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
Concepts and Definitions
What is ADOLESCENCE?
the period of life course bw the time puberty begins and the time adult status, roles, and responsibilities with a culture are undertaken (age 10-18 roughly)
What is CULTURE?
the total pattern of a group’s customs, beliefs, art, and technology; a group’s common way of life, passed on to one generation from the next
What are DEVELOPED COUNTRIES?
the most affluent countries; most economically developed, highest median levels of income
Canada, US, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Costa Rica, all of Western Europe)
What are DEVELOPING COUNTRIES?
less wealth, but experiencing rapid economic growth as they join the globalized economy
sharp divide bw rural and urban areas regarding the experience of adolescents
What are INDIVIDUALISTIC VALUES?
cultural values such as independence and self-expression; associated with developed countries
What are COLLECTIVISTIC VALUES?
cultural values like obedience and group harmony; associated with developing countries
What are TRADITIONAL CULTURES?
people in the rural areas of developing countries who tend to adhere to the historical traditions of their culture; tend to be more collectivistic bc close ties with others are an economic necessity
What is GLOBALIZATION?
increasing worldwide technological and economic integration, which is making different parts of the world increasingly connected and increasingly similar culturally; world is becoming “smaller”
What is BICULTURAL?
having an identity that includes aspects of two different cultures: one for participation in local culture, one for global culture
What is the MAJORITY CULTURE?
within a country, the cultural group that sets most of the norms and standard, and holds most of the positions of political, economic, intellectual, and media power
What are CONTEXTS in relation to adolescent development?
settings that contribute to variation of pathways of adolescent development, including family, peer groups, school, work, media, civic institutions ,and religious institutions
What is PATRIARCHAL AUTHORITY?
cultural belief in the absolute authority of the father over his wife and children; relevant to North Africa and the Middle East (6% of the world’s adolescent population)
What is FILIAL PIETY?
children are obligated to respect, obey, and revere their parents, especially the father; children have the responsibility of caring for their parents as they become older, strong emphasis on education; relevant to Asia (25% of the world’s adolescent population)
What is LIFE-CYCLE SERVICE?
a period in their late teens and 20s in which young people in the 16th-19th centuries engaged in domestic service, farm service, or apprenticeships in various trades and crafts; relevant to Western cultures
What is RECAPITULATION?
now-discredited theory that held that the development of each individual recapitulates the evolutionary development of the human species as a whole
What is STORM AND STRESS?
related to Hall’s theory of recapitulation, adolescence is a life stage of mood disruptions, conflict with parents, antisocial behaviour
What are LAMARCKIAN EVOLUTIONARY IDEAS?
now-discredited ideas that evolution takes place as a result of accumulated experience such that organisms pass on their characteristics from one generation to the next in the form of memories and acquired characteristics
What is MENARCHE?
a girl’s first menstrual period, varies depending on whether the girl resides in a developed or developing country (earlier for developing countries)
Name relevant stages re: adolescent development.
Early Adolescence: 10-14
Late Adolescence: 15-18
Emerging Adulthood: 18-15
What is INTERDEPENDENCE?
the web of commitments, attachments, obligations that exist in some groups; adulthood requirements may be related to chronological age or physical development, and/or character qualities
