Chapter 1 History Flashcards

Question

Greek and Roman philosophers, statesman, and historians such as ____, ____, ____, and ____ wrote of the importance of massage and passive and active exercise to the maintenance of a healthy body and mind

Answer 1

Cicero, Pliny, Plutarch, and Pluto

Answer 2

Roman general and emperor 100-44 BC Is said to have demanded his daily massage for the relief of neuralgia and prevention of epileptic attacks

Answer 3

Roman emperor 228-337 AD Converted to Christianity Abolished and destroyed the baths and gymnasiums because of wide spread abuses of a sexual nature

Answer 4

Islamic Persian philosopher / physician and prolific writer 860-932 AD Arabic Follower of Hippocrates and Galen Most important book; an encyclopedia of Arabic, Roman, and Greek medical practices that esteemed the use of exercise, diet, and massage

Answer 5

Arabic author 980-1037 AD ***The most important single book in medical history*** Canon of Medicine Ardent follower of Galen

Answer 6

French barber-surgeon 1517-1590 One of the founders of modern surgery and inventor of the ligation of arteries He classified massage movements as; Gentle, medium, and vigorous frictions and employed flexion, extension, and circumduction of joints Served as physician to 4 of France's kings He is credited with restoring the health of Mary, queen of scots

Answer 7

1530-1606 professor of medicine at the university of Padua, Italy Book; De Arte Gymnastica

Answer 8

English surgeon and practitioner of chirurgy 1742-1823 Emphasized the value of friction in the relief of stiff joints, gout, and rheumatism

Answer 9

Healing with the hands

Answer 10

Smaaland, Sweden physiologist and fencing master 1776-1839 Known as the father of physical therapy Created a system of movements called medical gymnastics 1813 established the Royal Swedish central institute of gymnastics. Chartered and financed by the Swedish government Book; The Ling System; Swedish movements or the movement cure

Answer 11

Gymnastics applied to the treatment of disease consisting of active, duplicated, and passive movements Active is performed by the patient. Exercise Passive is performed by the therapists. Range of motion therapy and massage

Answer 12

English physician Studied under Ling at the Royal central institute 1851 published the first book in English on the Swedish movements Established the first institute in England to teach Swedish movement and gymnastics and gave private instruction to Charles Fayette Taylor

Answer 13

New York physician 1858 introduced the methods of Swedish movement and gymnastics to the United States In the US, the technique became known as the Swedish movement cure His brother was George Henry Taylor.

Answer 14

1860 published the first American textbook on the Swedish movement cure and established the Improved Movement Cure Institute in New York City The Taylor brothers introduced the Swedish cure movement to the US and brought massage more into public and medical acceptance

Answer 15

Amsterdam, Holland 1839-1909 Credited with modern massage terminology Established the practice and art of massage as a scientific subject for physicians in the remedial treatment of disease Founder of scientific massage The use of the terms effleurage, petrissage, tapotement

Answer 16

Boston practitioner and historian of massage Using Mezger's terminology, Graham, Benjamin Lee and Charles Mills from Philadelphia published and article in 1874 in US that first used the word Massage Wrote extensively about the subject from 1874-1925, more than 50 years A founding member of the American Physical Education Association

Answer 17

1852-1943 Ran the battle creek sanitarium in Battle Creek Michigan and wrote extensively on the benefits of massage and hydrotherapy 1929 published The Art of Massage: a practical manual for the nurse, the student, and the practitioner Author of numerous magazine articles and the editor of the popular magazine Good Health

Answer 18

German physician 1900 published Technik Der Massage One of the most basic books in the field and contains many of the techniques used in Swedish massage

Answer 19

England 1894 a group of women formed the Society of Trained Masseuses 1920 the group had grown in members and prestige Later the society became known as the Chartered Society of Massage and Medical Gymnastics 1964 registered as the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy

Answer 20

Austrian 1897-1986 Him and his wife Astrid developed a method of gentle, rhythmic massage along the superficial lymphatics that aids in lymphatic system functioning and treats chronic lymphedema Today this system is wildly known and taught as Dr. Vodder's Manual Lymph Drainage

Answer 21

German 1884-1952 1940's developed Bindegewebsmassage, or Connective Tissue Massage Later popularized in England by Maria Ebner

Answer 22

English orthopedic physician 1905-1985 Credited with popularizing Deep Transverse Friction Massage

Answer 23

1940's Elizabeth Dicke Is massage directed toward the subcutaneous connective tissue, thought to affect vascular and visceral reflexes related to a variety of pathologies and disabilities

Answer 24

Is massage that broadens the fibrous tissue of muscles, tendons, or ligaments, breaking down unwanted adhesions and restoring mobility to muscles

Answer 25

Two American physical therapists who had a major impact on massage therapy in the US. Tappan's book; healing massage techniques and Beard's massage remain as standards in the massage industry

Answer 26

Founded in 1962 Big Sur, California Became a popular center for the burgeoning human potential movement Some of the early leaders included; Aldous Huxley, Alan Watts, Abraham Maslow, and Fritz Pearls (father of Gestalt) Moshe Feldenkrais, Milton Trager, and Ida Rolf taught at Esalen

Answer 27

American Massage Therapy Association Formed in 1943 The oldest national professional massage association in the US Established in Chicago

Answer 28

Developed by Randolph Stone (1890-1971) Uses massage manipulation me derived from Eastern and Western practices

Answer 29

Dr. Milton Trager Uses movement exercise called mental tics and a massage like, gentle shaking of different parts of the body to eliminate and prevent pent-up tensions

Answer 30

developed by Dr. Ida Rolf Aligns the major body segments through manipulations of the fascia or the connective tissue

Answer 31

Originated with the Chinese Stimulates particular points on the surface of the body, which in turn affects other areas or organs of the body Dr. William Fitzgerald is credited with first demonstrating the effects of reflexology in the early 1900s Eunice Ingham worked for Fitzgerald, and in the 1930s, she systemized the technique that focuses mainly on the hands and feet

Answer 32

Developed by Dr. John Thie Purpose is to relieve stress on muscles and internal organs Is a simplified form of applied kinesiology that involves techniques having both Eastern and Western origins

Answer 33

Originated in Europe around 1940 with the work of osteopaths Drs. Stanley Lief and Boris Chaitow A groups of techniques that assess and address soft tissue dysfunction by affecting the neurologic mechanisms that control the muscle

Answer 34

Developed by Dr. John Upledger Is a gentle, hands-on method of evaluating and enhancing the functioning of the craniosacral system