Chapter 1: Foundations of Psychiatric - Mental Health Nursing Flashcards
WHO definition of health
State of complete physical, mental, and social wellness, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Mental Health definition?
State of emotion, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior, and coping
What can factors that influence a persons mental health be categorized as?
Individual, Interpersonal, and Social/Cultural
Individual or Personal Mental Health factors include
a person’s biologic makeup, autonomy, and independence, self-esteem capacity for growth, ability to find life meaning, emotional resilience, sense of belonging, and coping or stress management
Interpersonal Mental Health Factors include
effective communication, ability to help others, intimacy, and balance of separateness and contentedness
Social/Cultural Mental Health Factors include
sense of community, access to adequate resources, intolerance of violence, support of diversity amount people, mastery of environment, and positive, realistic view of ones world
Mental illness includes disorders that affect
mood, behavior, and thinking such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety and addictive disorders
Individual factors that contribute to mental illness include
biologic makeup, intolerable or unrealistic worries or fears, inability to distinguish reality from fantasy, intolerance of life uncertainties, a sense of disharmony in life
Interpersonal factors that contribute to mental illness include
ineffective communication, excessive dependence on or withdrawal from relationships, no sense of belonging, inadequate social support, and loss of emotional control
Social/Cultural factors that contribute to mental illness include
lack of resources, violence, homelessness, poverty, and discrimination
What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of MEntal Disorders (DSM-5)?
Taxonomy published by the American Psychiatric Associated and revised as needed. Described all mental disorders, showing detailed criteria for each
DSM-5 has what three purposes?
Provide standardized nomenclature and language for all mental health professionals
Present defining characteristics or symptoms that differentiate specific diagnoses
To assist in identifying the underlying causes of disorders
What was the ancient therory about how emotions were controlled?
That amount of blood, water, and yellow and black bile controlled emotions. Corresponded with happiness, calmness, anger, and sadness
During Christian times, what severe and brutal measures were performed?
Incarceration in dungeons, flogging and starving
Who developed the idea of an asylum?
Philippe Pinel in France and William Tuke in England
What was the concept of asylum?
A safe refuge or haven offering protection at institutions where people had been whipped, beaten and starved because of being ill
What did Dorothea Dix do?
Began a crusade to reform the treatment of mental illness after a visit to Tukesinstitution in England. 32 state hospitals openeded
What were the first psychotropic drugs used?
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine , an antipsychotic drug) and Lithium (an antimanic agent)
10 years after the first drugs were introduced, what other drugs were introduced?
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Antidepressnats
Haloperidol (Haldol), an antipsychotic
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Anxianxiety Agents called Benzodiazepines
What movement caused the enactment of the Community Mental Health Centers Construction act?
Movement toward treating those with mental illness in less restrictive environments . Lead to Deinstitutionalization
What was Deinstitutionaliztion?
Deliberate shift from institutional are in state hospitals to community facilities. Closer to patients home and provided emergency care, inpatient care, and education.
How many people have a mental illness in the US?
44.7 million
