Chapter 1 (a) Early psychologists Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following best describes the view of the mind held by Plato and Socrates?

A

The mind is separate from the body and continues after the body dies.

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2
Q

Which philosopher was the first to conclude that knowledge results from our memories of our experiences?

A

Aristotle

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3
Q

Descartes theory of how our brain controlled our reflexes involved which of the following?

A

brain fluid and “animal spirits”

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4
Q

4 Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?

A

John Locke

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5
Q

The ideas that most directly helped form modern empiricism were proposed by

A

John Locke and Francis Bacon.

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6
Q

Which philosopher would have been most enthusiastic about modern empiricism?

A

Aristotle

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7
Q

The first psychological laboratory was established by

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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8
Q

Wilhelm Wundt’s laboratory work involved experimental studies of

A

reactions to sensory stimulation.

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9
Q

Which of the following innovations differentiated Wilhelm Wundt’s research the most from any psychologist before him?

A

laboratory research

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10
Q

Wilhelm Wundt’s early experiments were attempts to
investigate which area of psychology?

A
  • the simplest mental processes
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11
Q

Why is Wilhelm Wundt often considered the first scientific psychological researcher?

A

He gathered data through experiments in his lab.

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12
Q

In Wilhelm Wundt’s experiments, participants were asked to press a key as soon as they were consciously aware of perceiving a sound. By asking participants to examine and report their conscious experiences, Wundt was making use of

A

introspection

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13
Q

Who used the method of introspection to scientifically identify basic elements of mind?

A

Edward Titchener

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14
Q

The self-reflective observation of one’s own sensations and feelings is called

A

introspection

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15
Q

Introspection was the basic research tool used by ________ in order to study people’s inner sensations and mental images.

A

Edward Titchener

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16
Q

Research participants were asked to monitor and report their own immediate sensory reactions to differently colored objects. This research involved a technique known as

A

introspection.

17
Q

The method of introspection was used by Titchener to identify

A

elements of sensory experience

18
Q

Research participants who carefully observe and report their immediate reactions and feelings in response to different musical sounds are using the method known as

A

introspection.

19
Q

The unreliability of introspection contributed to the waning popularity of

A

structuralism

20
Q

Contemporary psychologists are most likely to reject which of the following as appropriate for the study of psychology?

A

introspection