Chapter 1 (a) Early psychologists Flashcards
Which of the following best describes the view of the mind held by Plato and Socrates?
The mind is separate from the body and continues after the body dies.
Which philosopher was the first to conclude that knowledge results from our memories of our experiences?
Aristotle
Descartes theory of how our brain controlled our reflexes involved which of the following?
brain fluid and “animal spirits”
4 Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?
John Locke
The ideas that most directly helped form modern empiricism were proposed by
John Locke and Francis Bacon.
Which philosopher would have been most enthusiastic about modern empiricism?
Aristotle
The first psychological laboratory was established by
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt’s laboratory work involved experimental studies of
reactions to sensory stimulation.
Which of the following innovations differentiated Wilhelm Wundt’s research the most from any psychologist before him?
laboratory research
Wilhelm Wundt’s early experiments were attempts to
investigate which area of psychology?
- the simplest mental processes
Why is Wilhelm Wundt often considered the first scientific psychological researcher?
He gathered data through experiments in his lab.
In Wilhelm Wundt’s experiments, participants were asked to press a key as soon as they were consciously aware of perceiving a sound. By asking participants to examine and report their conscious experiences, Wundt was making use of
introspection
Who used the method of introspection to scientifically identify basic elements of mind?
Edward Titchener
The self-reflective observation of one’s own sensations and feelings is called
introspection
Introspection was the basic research tool used by ________ in order to study people’s inner sensations and mental images.
Edward Titchener