Ch1 (d) Perspectives

Question 1

The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how

Answer 1

people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.

Question 2

Which perspective is most concerned with how individuals interpret their experiences?

Answer 2

cognitive

Question 3

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference enhanced the survival of our ancestors’ genes. This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Answer 3

evolutionary

Question 4

The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on

Answer 4

unconscious conflicts.

Question 5

Which perspective most clearly focuses on how we learn observable responses?

Answer 5

Behavioral

Question 6

Mrs. Thompson believes that her son has become an excellent student because she consistently uses praise and affection to stimulate his learning efforts. Her belief best illustrates a
________ perspective.

Answer 6

behavioral

Question 7

Which perspective highlights the reproductive advantages of inherited psychological traits?

Answer 7

evolutionary

Question 8

Mark believes that people are genetically predisposed to dislike bitter-tasting foods because this has enhanced human survival. His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective

Answer 8

evolutionary

Question 9

Akira believes that her son has become a good student because she always praises his learning efforts. Her belief best illustrates a ________ perspective

Answer 9

behavioral

Question 10

Mrs. Alfieri believes that her husband’s angry outbursts against her result from his unconscious hatred of his own mother. Mrs. Alfieri is looking at her husband’s behavior from a(n) ________ perspective.

Answer 10

psychodynamic

Question 11

Which perspective is most directly concerned with how the physical properties of the brain influence behaviors and mental states?

Answer 11

Biological

Question 12

In a class lecture, Professor Hampton emphasized the extent to which abnormal blood chemistry can contribute to psychological disorders. The professor’s lecture highlighted a ________ perspective on psychological disorders.

Answer 12

Biological

Question 13

A clinical psychologist who explains behavior in terms of unconscious drives and conflicts is employing a(n) ________ perspective.

Answer 13

psychodynamic

Question 14

The behavioral perspective is most likely to emphasize the importance of

Answer 14

observable responses

Question 15

Natassia believes that boys learn to be more aggressive than girls primarily because boys are more frequently exposed to external pressures to fight. Natassia’s belief most directly exemplifies the
________ perspective.


Answer 15

behavioral

Question 16

Which psychological perspective highlights the manner in which people encode, process, store, and retrieve information?

Answer 16

cognitive

Question 17

A concern with the reasoning processes that contribute to effective problem solving is most characteristic of the ________ perspective

Answer 17

cognitive

Question 18

Dr. MacPherson believes that the way students organize and think about the information in their textbooks will strongly influence their ability to later remember and use what they have studied. Dr. MacPherson’s ideas most directly exemplify the ________ perspective.

Answer 18

cognitive

Question 19

Dr. Kozak has concluded that the unusually low incidence of alcohol dependence among citizens of a small African country can be attributed to strong fundamentalist religious influences in that region. This belief best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.

Answer 19

social-cultural

Question 20

Which perspective is most concerned with the unique ways in which individuals interpret their own life experiences?

Answer 20

cognitive

Question 21

Which perspective would focus on the extent to which different styles of parenting are encouraged among various ethnic communities?

Answer 21

social-cultural

Question 22

Dr. Wilson attributes the delinquent behaviors of many teens to the pressures associated with being members of street gangs. Her account best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective

Answer 22

Social-Cultural

Question 23

Which perspective would suggest that the facial expressions associated with the emotions of lust and rage are inherited?

Answer 23

evolutionary

Question 24

A theoretical perspective in psychology can be like a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object because each perspective is

Answer 24

limited in scope