Chapter 1

Question 1

Psychological Science

Answer 1

The study of mind, brain, and behavior through research

Question 2

Amiable skepticism

Answer 2

Open to new ideas, but wary if they aren’t supported by scientific research

Question 3

Critical Thinking

Answer 3

The ability to systematically question and evaluate information using well-supported evidence

Question 4

Reasoning

Answer 4

Using evidence to draw conclusions

Question 5

Psychological Reasoning

Answer 5

Using psychological research to understand why people think a certain way, and to understand when and why they are likely to draw poor conclusions

Question 6

Confirmational Bias

Answer 6

• finding merit in studies that support our beliefs
• not actively seeking out studies that don’t support our beliefs
• selectively sampling evidence or information from websites that have your same point of view

Question 7

appeals to authority

Answer 7

When a source refers to their expertise rather than evidence

Question 8

Bias- Source credibility

Answer 8

Failing to recognize a source that isn’t credible

personal experience v evidence

Question 9

Misunderstanding or not using statistics

Answer 9

• we generally fail to use statistics when we interpret events around us

Question 10

Seeing relationships that do not exist

Answer 10

• like wearing a favorite jersey to win a football match
• this can lead to superstitious behavior
• most times 2 events are merely a coincidence

Question 11

Relative Comparisons: if you put it this way

Answer 11

• information that they receive first will shape their understanding of a topic
• prefer information that is positive

Question 12

hindsight bias

Answer 12

• after the fact/event

- we try to find explanations for why events happen because we think the world has to make sense