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HOSA- Medical Terminology 2016 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, difficult, painful

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2
Q

-Ectomy

A

Surgical removal, cutting out

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3
Q

Hyper-

A

Excessive, increased

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4
Q

Hypo-

A

Deficient, decreased

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5
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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6
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition, disease

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7
Q

-ostomy

A

The surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

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8
Q

-Otomy

A

Cutting, surgical incision

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9
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

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10
Q

-rrhage

A

Bleeding, abnormal/excessive fluid discharge

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11
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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12
Q

-sclerosis

A

Hardening

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13
Q

-mealgy

A

Enlargement

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14
Q

-malacia

A

Abnormal softening

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15
Q

-necrosis

A

Tissue death

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16
Q

-scopy

A

Visual examination

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17
Q

-stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing

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18
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

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19
Q

Cyanosis

A

Blue discolouration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

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20
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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21
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Mature red blood cells

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22
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

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23
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

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24
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

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25
Q

Melanosis

A

Condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues/organs

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26
Q

Poli/o

A

Gray

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27
Q

Poliomyelitis

A

Viral infection of the grey material in the spinal cord

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28
Q

-Algia

A

Pain, Painful Condition

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29
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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30
Q

Enter/o

A

Small intestine

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31
Q

-dynia

A

Pain

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32
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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33
Q

Ateriomalacia

A

Softening of the walls of the artery

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34
Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluids

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35
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomin

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36
Q

-graphy

A

Producing a picture or record

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37
Q

Angiography

A

Process of producing radiographic (X rays) study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

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38
Q

Angi/o

A

Blood vessels

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39
Q

-gram

A

Picture or record

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40
Q

-scopy

A

Visual examination

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41
Q

my/o

A

Muscle

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42
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

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43
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Examination of the internal structure of a joint

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44
Q

rrhage/rrhagia

A

Bleeding (severe)

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45
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

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46
Q

Hem/o

A

Blood

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47
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the usage of sutures, staples, or surgical glue

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48
Q

Prenatal

A

Means the time and events before birth

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49
Q

Perinatal

A

Refers to the time and events surrounding birth

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50
Q

Postnatal

A

Refers to the time and events after birth

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51
Q

ab-

A

Away, from, negative, absent

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52
Q

ad-

A

Toward, to, in the direction of

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53
Q

dextr/o

A

Right side

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54
Q

sinistr/o

A

Left side

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55
Q

ex-

A

Out of, outside, away from

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56
Q

macro-

A

Large, abnormal size, or long

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57
Q

Mega-, Megal/o

A

Large, great

58
Q

Pre-

A

Before

59
Q

In-

A

In,into,not,without

60
Q

Micr/o, Micro-

A

Small

61
Q

Olig/o

A

Scanty, few

62
Q

Post-

A

After,behind

63
Q

Abnormal

A

Not normal (away from normal)

64
Q

Addiction

A

(ad) means drawn toward or a string dependence on drug or substance

65
Q

Dysfunctional

A

(Dys) organs or body part that is not working properly

66
Q

Hypertension

A

(Hyper) higher than normal blood pressure

67
Q

Inter-

A

Between or among

68
Q

Interstitial

A

Between but NOT within the parts of a tissue

69
Q

Sub-

A

Under, less, below

70
Q

Subcostal

A

Below a rib/ribs

71
Q

Eu-

A

Good, normal, well or easy

72
Q

Eupnea

A

Easy or normal breathing

73
Q

Hypotension

A

(Hypo-deficient or decreased) lower than normal blood pressure

74
Q

Intra-

A

Within or inside

75
Q

super-, supra-

A

Above or excessive

76
Q

Supracostal

A

Above or outside the ribs

77
Q

Otorhinolarynology

A

Study of the ears, and larynx

78
Q

Laryng

A

Larynx (throat)

79
Q

rhin/o

A

Nose

Think rhinoceros

80
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

81
Q

Lithotomy

A

Surgical incision for the removal of a stone
ALSO
Name of an examination in which patient is lying on their back with their feet and legs raised up and supported in stirrups -(used to describe this way as this was the prefers position for lithotomy surgery)

82
Q

Lith

A

Stone

83
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells tissues or cavities in the body

84
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the appendix

85
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones in the fingers and toes

86
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

87
Q

Endarterial

A

Pertaining to interior or lining of the artery

88
Q

Ather/o

A

Plaque, fatty substance

89
Q

Sign

A

Objective evidence of a disease Ex. fever

90
Q

Symptom

A

subjective evidence of a disease Ex. Pain or headache

91
Q

Objective

A

sign can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others

92
Q

Subjective

A

can be evaluated or measured only by the patient

93
Q

Syndrome

A

set of signs and symptoms that occur together as parts of a specific disease process

94
Q

Diagnosis

A

identification of a disease

95
Q

Differential Diagnosis

A

A “rule out”, an attempt to determine which one of several diseases can be causing the signs and symptoms that are present

96
Q

Prognosis

A

prediction of the probable course of action and outcome of disorder

97
Q

Acute

A

Condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, relatively short duration

98
Q

Chronic

A

Condition is of long duration, such diseases can be controlled but rarely cured

99
Q

Remission

A

Temporary, partial or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure

100
Q

Disease

A

condition which one or more body parts are not functioning normally (some named for their signs and symptoms) {ex. chronic fatigue syndrome: persistent overwhelming fatigue of unknown origin}

101
Q

Eponym

A

disease, structure, or operation named after the person who discovered it first {ex. Alzheimer}

102
Q

Fissure

A

groove or crack like sore of the skin, also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain

103
Q

Fistula

A

abnormal passage usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess

104
Q

Ileum

A

last and longest portion of the small intestine

105
Q

Ilium

A

part of the hip bone

106
Q

Infection

A

invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease producing) organism. Infection can remain localized (near the point of entry) or cause systematic (affecting the entire body) signs and symptoms
Include: malaise, chills, fever, redness, heat, swelling or exudate from the wound

107
Q

Malaise

A

feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, often the 1st indication of infection or other disease

108
Q

Exudate

A

fluid such as pus that leaks out of an infected wound

109
Q

Inflammation

A

localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
Indications:
1. Erythema (redness)
2. Hyperthermia (heat)
3. Edema (swelling)
4. Pain
{all caused by extra blood flowing into the area as part of the healing process)

110
Q

Laceration

A

torn/jagged wound or an accidental cut wound

111
Q

Lesion

A

pathological change of the tissues due to disease or injury

112
Q

Mucous

A

describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities

113
Q

Mucus

A

name of the fluid secreted by the mucous membranes

114
Q

Neo

A

new

115
Q

Myc/o

A

fungus

116
Q

Mycosis

A

abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus

117
Q

Myel/o

A

bone marrow or spinal cord

118
Q

Myelopathy

A

any pathological disease in the spinal cord

119
Q

My/o

A

muscle

120
Q

Myopathy

A

pathological change or disease in the muscle tissue

121
Q

ologist

A

specialist

122
Q

ology

A

study of

123
Q

Palpatation

A

examination technique in which the examiners hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency and location of certain body parts

124
Q

Palpitation

A

pounding or racing heart

125
Q

Pyel/o

A

renal pelvis (part of the kidney)

126
Q

Pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

127
Q

Py/o

A

pus

128
Q

Pyr/o

A

fever or fire

129
Q

Pyoderma

A

any acute, inflammatory, pus forming, bacterial skin infection {ex. impetigo}

130
Q

Pyrosis (Heartburn)

A

discomfort due to regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus

131
Q

Supination

A

act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward

132
Q

Suppuration

A

formation or discharge of pus

133
Q

Triage

A

medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment

134
Q

Trauma

A

wound/injury, types of injuries that might occur in an accident, shooting, natural disaster, or fire

135
Q

Viral

A

pertaining to a virus

136
Q

Vir

A

virus or poison

137
Q

-Al

A

pertaining to

138
Q

Virile

A

having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male

139
Q

-Pnea

A

breathing

140
Q

Eu-

A

good

HOSA- Medical Terminology 2016 (14 decks)

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