Chapter 1 Flashcards
Dys-
Bad, difficult, painful
-Ectomy
Surgical removal, cutting out
Hyper-
Excessive, increased
Hypo-
Deficient, decreased
-itis
Inflammation
-osis
Abnormal condition, disease
-ostomy
The surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
-Otomy
Cutting, surgical incision
-plasty
Surgical repair
-rrhage
Bleeding, abnormal/excessive fluid discharge
-rrhexis
Rupture
-sclerosis
Hardening
-mealgy
Enlargement
-malacia
Abnormal softening
-necrosis
Tissue death
-scopy
Visual examination
-stenosis
Abnormal narrowing
Cyan/o
Blue
Cyanosis
Blue discolouration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
Erythr/o
Red
Erythrocyte
Mature red blood cells
Leuk/o
White
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Melan/o
Black
Melanosis
Condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues/organs
Poli/o
Gray
Poliomyelitis
Viral infection of the grey material in the spinal cord
-Algia
Pain, Painful Condition
Gastr/o
Stomach
Enter/o
Small intestine
-dynia
Pain
Hepat/o
Liver
Ateriomalacia
Softening of the walls of the artery
-centesis
Surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluids
Abdomin/o
Abdomin
-graphy
Producing a picture or record
Angiography
Process of producing radiographic (X rays) study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible
Angi/o
Blood vessels
-gram
Picture or record
-scopy
Visual examination
my/o
Muscle
Arthr/o
Joint
Arthroscopy
Examination of the internal structure of a joint
rrhage/rrhagia
Bleeding (severe)
Hemorrhage
Loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
Hem/o
Blood
-rrhaphy
Surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the usage of sutures, staples, or surgical glue
Prenatal
Means the time and events before birth
Perinatal
Refers to the time and events surrounding birth
Postnatal
Refers to the time and events after birth
ab-
Away, from, negative, absent
ad-
Toward, to, in the direction of
dextr/o
Right side
sinistr/o
Left side
ex-
Out of, outside, away from
macro-
Large, abnormal size, or long
Mega-, Megal/o
Large, great
Pre-
Before
In-
In,into,not,without
Micr/o, Micro-
Small
Olig/o
Scanty, few
Post-
After,behind
Abnormal
Not normal (away from normal)
Addiction
(ad) means drawn toward or a string dependence on drug or substance
Dysfunctional
(Dys) organs or body part that is not working properly
Hypertension
(Hyper) higher than normal blood pressure
Inter-
Between or among
Interstitial
Between but NOT within the parts of a tissue
Sub-
Under, less, below
Subcostal
Below a rib/ribs
Eu-
Good, normal, well or easy
Eupnea
Easy or normal breathing
Hypotension
(Hypo-deficient or decreased) lower than normal blood pressure
Intra-
Within or inside
super-, supra-
Above or excessive
Supracostal
Above or outside the ribs
Otorhinolarynology
Study of the ears, and larynx
Laryng
Larynx (throat)
rhin/o
Nose
Think rhinoceros
Ot/o
Ear
Lithotomy
Surgical incision for the removal of a stone
ALSO
Name of an examination in which patient is lying on their back with their feet and legs raised up and supported in stirrups -(used to describe this way as this was the prefers position for lithotomy surgery)
Lith
Stone
Edema
Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells tissues or cavities in the body
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
Phalanges
Bones in the fingers and toes
Arteri/o
Artery
Endarterial
Pertaining to interior or lining of the artery
Ather/o
Plaque, fatty substance
Sign
Objective evidence of a disease Ex. fever
Symptom
subjective evidence of a disease Ex. Pain or headache
Objective
sign can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others
Subjective
can be evaluated or measured only by the patient
Syndrome
set of signs and symptoms that occur together as parts of a specific disease process
Diagnosis
identification of a disease
Differential Diagnosis
A “rule out”, an attempt to determine which one of several diseases can be causing the signs and symptoms that are present
Prognosis
prediction of the probable course of action and outcome of disorder
Acute
Condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, relatively short duration
Chronic
Condition is of long duration, such diseases can be controlled but rarely cured
Remission
Temporary, partial or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
Disease
condition which one or more body parts are not functioning normally (some named for their signs and symptoms) {ex. chronic fatigue syndrome: persistent overwhelming fatigue of unknown origin}
Eponym
disease, structure, or operation named after the person who discovered it first {ex. Alzheimer}
Fissure
groove or crack like sore of the skin, also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain
Fistula
abnormal passage usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess
Ileum
last and longest portion of the small intestine
Ilium
part of the hip bone
Infection
invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease producing) organism. Infection can remain localized (near the point of entry) or cause systematic (affecting the entire body) signs and symptoms
Include: malaise, chills, fever, redness, heat, swelling or exudate from the wound
Malaise
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, often the 1st indication of infection or other disease
Exudate
fluid such as pus that leaks out of an infected wound
Inflammation
localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
Indications:
1. Erythema (redness)
2. Hyperthermia (heat)
3. Edema (swelling)
4. Pain
{all caused by extra blood flowing into the area as part of the healing process)
Laceration
torn/jagged wound or an accidental cut wound
Lesion
pathological change of the tissues due to disease or injury
Mucous
describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
Mucus
name of the fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
Neo
new
Myc/o
fungus
Mycosis
abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
Myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
Myelopathy
any pathological disease in the spinal cord
My/o
muscle
Myopathy
pathological change or disease in the muscle tissue
ologist
specialist
ology
study of
Palpatation
examination technique in which the examiners hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency and location of certain body parts
Palpitation
pounding or racing heart
Pyel/o
renal pelvis (part of the kidney)
Pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
Py/o
pus
Pyr/o
fever or fire
Pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus forming, bacterial skin infection {ex. impetigo}
Pyrosis (Heartburn)
discomfort due to regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
Supination
act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
Suppuration
formation or discharge of pus
Triage
medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment
Trauma
wound/injury, types of injuries that might occur in an accident, shooting, natural disaster, or fire
Viral
pertaining to a virus
Vir
virus or poison
-Al
pertaining to
Virile
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
-Pnea
breathing
Eu-
good
