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Intro To Behavior Analysis > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior

A

An individual living organism’s activity, public or private, which may be influenced by external or internal stimulation

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2
Q

Stimulus events

A

Things you see, hear, smell, taste or feel

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3
Q

The first goal of behavior analysis

A

To accurately predict behavior

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4
Q

What is the utility in predicting behavior of individuals?

A

It allows adaptive behavior

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5
Q

The Second Goal of Behavior Analysis

A

To discover functional variables that may be used to positively influence behavior

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6
Q

Functional variable

A

A variable that, when changed, reliably and systematically influences behavior

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7
Q

Behavior is something that _______ living organisms do

A

All

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8
Q

_______ is defined as an individual living organism’s activity, public or _______, which may be influenced by external or _________ stimulation.

A

Behavior
Private
Internal

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9
Q

A ______ is something you see, hear, smell, taste, or feel. These events can occur outside or inside your body.

A

Stimulus event

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10
Q

Stimuli is the plural of ______.

A

Stimulus

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11
Q

One stimulus, two ______.

A

Stimuli

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12
Q

Buying a car is an instance of _____ (public/private) behavior.

A

Public

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13
Q

Changing your clothes is an instance of ______ (public/private) behavior.

A

Public

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14
Q

Thinking that you should not have bought that car because now you don’t have enough money for new clothes is an instance of ______ (public/private) behavior.

A

Private

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15
Q

The first goal of behavior analysis is to _______ _______ behavior.

A

Accurately predict

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16
Q

The second goal of behavior analysis is to discover _______ variables that may be used to _______ _______ behavior.

A

Functional
Positively influence

17
Q

Accurately predicting behavior is important because it allows _______ behavior.

A

Adaptive

18
Q

Two assumptions that guide behavior analysis

A

1) Behavior is determined
2) The scientific method is a valid way to reveal the determinants of behavior

19
Q

What does it mean to say, “behavior is determined?”

A

Behavior has a cause or multiple causes

20
Q

3 problems with the theory that a mental decision-maker Willa behavior into motion

A

1) Choice is a behavior.
2) Choice is determined (Functional variables influence choices we make.)
3) Spurious decision-making (spurious = false/fake)

21
Q

The first assumption of behavior analysis is that behavior is _______.

A

Determined

22
Q

When we say, “behavior is determined,” we simply mean that behavior has a _______, or multiple _______.

A

Cause
causes

23
Q

In our daily lives, we often explain behavior (I went to the movies) by pointing to private behaviors (I thought going to the movies was a good idea). Behavior analysts refer to these as _______ explanations of behavior.

A

Spurious

24
Q

The second assumption of behavior analysis is that the _______ _______ is a valid way to discover the determinants of behavior.

A

Scientific method

25
Q

Characteristics of scientific method that are of most relevance to behavior analysis

A

Objective
Quantitative
Systematic
Empirical
Falsifiable predictions
Experimentation
Peer-review
Replication

26
Q

Independent variable

A

A publicly observable change, controlled by the experimenter, which is anticipated to influence behavior in a specific way

27
Q

Replication

A

Repeating the experiment and obtaining the same outcome

28
Q

Within science, there are two meanings of the word _______. The first recognizes that humans are susceptible to biases that cloud how we evaluate evidence that supports and refutes our favorite theories.

A

Objectivity

29
Q

The second meaning of the word _______ recognizes that our current understanding of behavior is tentative and will be changed in the future as new findings support an alternative viewpoint that better allows us to predict and positively influences behavior.

A

Objectivity

30
Q

_______ evidence for a scientific finding is either directly observable or observable with the aid of an unbiased measurement device.

A

Empirical

31
Q

When a scientist makes a prediction about behavior, the prediction is precise enough that it could be shown to be incorrect. These are referred to as _______ predictions.

A

Falsifiable

32
Q

When scientists discover something, it is important that their research be repeated to see if the finding can be obtained again. This repetition of experiments to evaluate if they produced reliable results is called _______.

A

Replication

33
Q

Determinants of behavior

A

Nature - our genetic inheritance
Nurture - events experienced during one’s lifetime

34
Q

Environmental events

A

All of the things you experience through your senses

35
Q

7 core dimensions of applied behavioral analysis

A

1) Applied
2) Behavioral
3) Analytic
4) Technoligical
5) Conceptual
6) Effective
7) Generality

36
Q

Over 100 years of research has demonstrated that individual behavior is influenced by ______ and _______.

A

Nature and Nurture

37
Q

Those working in the _______ analysis of behavior, most often conduct their research in laboratory settings, where nuisance variables will not get in the way of identifying determinates of behavior.

A

Experimental

38
Q

Behavior analysts who conduct scientific research in clinical settings are called _______ behavior analysts.

A

Applied

39
Q

Individuals who deliver behavioral services that are based on the research of laboratory and applied behavior analysts are employed in the field of behavioral _______ _______.

A

Service delivery

Intro To Behavior Analysis (11 decks)

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