Chapter 1 Flashcards
When the silk road became dangerous and expensive to travel, how did the Europeans find alternative solutions?
They searched for a trade route over water, we now call the Atlantic World
Although Europeans eventually dominated the New World, what people made it possible?
African and native peoples.
In 1492 the Aztecs in Mexico were at their peak. Dominating surrounding tribes and requiring sacrifices and contributions alike. What island city was the hub of an ever widening commercial center until Cortez destroyed it?
Island city of Tenochtitlan
Explorers seeking profit looked for new trade routes to which islands?
Spice islands because they wanted to eliminate muslim middlemen
After the arrival of Islam and before the Portuguese came to the coast of West Africa in 1444, Arabs and berbers controlled the slave trade out of Africa. As a result European powers began to colonize the New World. Because of labor demands, how did this effect slavery in America?
It was based on race, and the status of slave was permanent and inherited.
Genetic markers on y chromosome between ____ and ___races prove what?
Asians and American Indians. That migration occurred by boat across the Bering Straight.
Which people created the only known written language in the Western Hemisphere?
The Olmec
Which people perfected the calendar and written language the olmec had begun and had temples like the Chichen Itza
The Maya
This people sacrificed a human by ritual daily to sustain the sun across the sky, to feed the gods, and help with agricultural production.
The Aztec
Who built a road system that rivaled the Romans?
The Inca
Who uncovered the lost Incan city of Machu Picchu and in what year?
In 1911 and Hiram Bingham
What people carved their homes from steep cliffs accessible by ladders or ropes that could be pulled in at night in case of enemy attack?
The Anasazi
Large mounds built by Native Americans located in present day Illinois.
Cahokia
Highly contagious via rat borne and airborne disease.
Black death
The black death wiped out half of Europe but a high birth rateight caused what in the next century?
The population grew and by 1450 European society was on the brink of tremendous change
The Lord owns the land what did the Knights and serfs do?
Knights provided military service and the serfs worked the land for protection.
The only church in Europe at the time
Catholic church
Cultivation of land depended on the seasons just as village and family life revolved around what?
The church; sacraments marked every stage of life. as Christianity spread through Europe, it replaced pagan and animistic views.
All events are caused or in relation to what?
A spiritual connotation. Sickness, might mean that person had sinned. etc. Penitents confessed their sins to the priest who absolved them, which gave the priest great power.
Who took the holy city from the Muslim rulers but also conquered what they called the Holy Lands?
European Christians
What caused the persecution of Jews and the maritime trade between the East and West to expand?
The Crusades
A desire for products like silk, spices, and porcelain caused an increase in trade with Islamic merchants and which port city?
The Adriatic port city of Venice
It was known that the earth was round but this person underestimated the Earth’s circumference and sailed West to reach the East
Christopher Columbus
The major European slave trade began with Portugal’s exploration of the west coast of Africa in search of a trade route to the East. How did this affect Africans?
By 1444 slaves were being bought from Africa to work on the sugar plantations of the Madeira Islands off the coast of modern African slaves were both easily identified by their skin color and plentiful because of the thriving slave trade. This led to a race-based slavery system.
