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Psych 104 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Basic Research

A

seeking knowledge for the sake of knowledge

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2
Q

Applied Research

A

trying to answer a specific question

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3
Q

Science

A

Systemic gathering and evaluation of empirical evidence

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4
Q

Systemic

A

Performed according to a set of rules or conditions

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5
Q

Empirical

A

Evidence gained through experience and observation

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6
Q

Mind-Body Dualism

A

Belief that the mind is a spiritual entity that is not governed by the same rules as the physical body

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7
Q

Rene Descartes

A

says the mind and body interact via the pineal gland

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8
Q

Dualism

A

Belief that no amount of studying the physical body can provide information about the physical mind

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9
Q

Monism

A

Belief that the mind and body are one

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10
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Mental events are a product of physical events

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11
Q

Empiricism

A

All Ideas and knowledge are gained empirically through the senses

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12
Q

John Locke

A

says Philosophy should focus on the capabilities and extent of the human mind

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13
Q

Physiology

A

an area of biology that examines bodily functioning

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14
Q

Charles Darwin

A

says Humans are not special

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15
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Established the first experimental psychology lab in Uni of Leipzig, Germany

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16
Q

Introspection

A

Structural, Look into yourself to try and understand

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17
Q

Psychodynamic perspective

A

Searches of causes of behaviour within our personality, Emphasizes the role of unconscious processes

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18
Q

Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis

A

Investigation of internal and mostly unconscious psychological forces

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19
Q

Behavioural Perspective

A

Focuses on role of external environment factors in determining behavior

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20
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

says Learning can occur when events are associated with each other

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21
Q

Edward Thorndike

A

the Law of effect

22
Q

Behaviourism

A

Emphasizes environmental control of behavior through learning

23
Q

John B Watson

A

Opposed mentalism from earlier schools

24
Q

B.F Skinner

A

says “No account of what is happening inside the human body no matter how complete will explain the origins of human behavior”

25
Q

Humanistic Perspective

A

Emphasizes free will, personal growth and attempting to find meaning in life

26
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

‘Self actualization’ as a driving force

27
Q

Positive psychology movement

A

Emphasizes the study of human strengths fulfillment, and optimal living

28
Q

Cognitive Perspective

A

Looks at the nature of the mind and how it mental processes influence behaviour

29
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

Looks at how the mind organizes elements of experience into an unified or whole perception “the whole is greater than the sum of parts”

30
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Focuses on the study of Mental processes

31
Q

Mental Processes

A

study of reasoning, decision making, problem solving, perceptions and production and understanding of language

32
Q

Sociocultural Perspective

A

looks at how the social environment and cultural learning influences our behaviours and thoughts + feelings

33
Q

Social

A

how the presence of other people influences your behaviour thoughts and feelings

34
Q

Culture

A

Values, Beliefs, Traditions passed onwards

35
Q

Cultural Psychology

A

Looks at transmission of culture, psychological similarities and differences among people from diverse cultures

36
Q

Biological Perspective

A

how the the brain and other bodily functions regulate behaviour

37
Q

Behaviour Genetics

A

The study of how behavioural tendencies are influenced by genetic factors

38
Q

Evolutionary Psychology

A

tries to explain how evolution shaped modern human behaviour -> Natural Selection

39
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

Study and treatment of psych disorders

40
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Study of mental processes, eg attention, memory, consciousness etc

41
Q

Biopsychology/neuroscience

A

Focuses on the biological unpinning of behavior

42
Q

Development Psychology

A

Examines Physical, psychological and social development across the lifespan

43
Q

Experimental Psychology

A

Focuses on basic processes like learning sensory systems perception motivational states etc

44
Q

Industrial Organization (I/O) Psych

A

Peoples behaviour in a workplace

45
Q

Personality Psych

A

focuses on the study of personality

46
Q

Social Psych

A

Examines thoughts and feelings in the social world

47
Q

Comparative Psych

A

Study of the behavior and mental processes of non-human animals

48
Q

Functionalism

A

Study of function of consciousness not structure

49
Q

Willam James

A

Helped widen the scope of psychology to biological and mental processes, and overt behaviour

50
Q

Structuralism

A

Study the mind in terms of its basic elements

Psych 104 (10 decks)

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