Chapter 1

Question 1

Acute

Answer 1

symptoms that begin abruptly and last a few days to a few months

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

the study of body structures

Question 3

asymptomatic

Answer 3

the person does not have any noticeable symptoms even though diagnostic tests may indicate that the p

Question 4

Chronic

Answer 4

have insidious onsets and generally last longer than 6 months

Question 5

Clinical manifestations

Answer 5

presenting signs and symptoms of the disease

Question 6

concept

Answer 6

a general idea that can be applied to similar situations

Question 7

diagnosis

Answer 7

label for the disease

Question 8

disease

Answer 8

functional impairment of cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems

Question 9

dynamic

Answer 9

change in reference to the individuals health, the patients’ perceptions of how health or ill that they are can change

Question 10

endemic

Answer 10

when the incidence and prevalence of a disease are predictable and stable

Question 11

epidemic

Answer 11

a dramatic increase in disease incidence in a population

Question 12

epidemiology

Answer 12

the study of disease in populations

Question 13

etiology

Answer 13

precise cause of the disease

Question 14

exacerbations

Answer 14

flaring of symptoms

Question 15

health

Answer 15

he perceived wholeness of body, mind, spirit, and illness

Question 16

Homeostasis

Answer 16

a dynamic balance in the body marked by the appropriate and effective response to stimuli, thereby keeping the body in a steady state

Question 17

Iatrogenic

Answer 17

disease that are the inadvertent result of medical treatment

Question 18

Idiopathic

Answer 18

when there is no known etiology

Question 19

Illness

Answer 19

a state that results in suffering or distress

Question 20

Incidence

Answer 20

number of new cases within a given time

Question 21

Insidious

Answer 21

gradual onsets

Question 22

Local

Answer 22

refers to those manifestations that are found directly at the site of disease and are confined to that specific area

Question 23

Morbidity

Answer 23

a negative outcome with disease complications that impact the quality of life

Question 24

mortality

Answer 24

death

Question 25

nosocomial

Answer 25

disease results from exposure to infection in the healthcare environment

Question 26

Pandemic

Answer 26

when an epidemic spreads across continents

Question 27

pathogen

Answer 27

disease causing microorganism

Question 28

Pathogenesis

Answer 28

disease beginning

Question 29

Pathology

Answer 29

study of changes in cells and tissues because of injury or disease

Question 30

Pathophysiology

Answer 30

study of mechanisms of disease

Question 31

Physiology

Answer 31

stud of body functions

Question 32

Precipitating factors

Answer 32

promote the onset of clinical manifestations

Question 33

prevalence

Answer 33

number of percentages of a population living with a particular disease at a given time

Question 34

Prognosis

Answer 34

forecast or prediction of how the individual will proceed through the disease process

Question 35

remissions

Answer 35

symptom-free periods

Question 36

risk factors

Answer 36

vulnerabilities

Question 37

signs

Answer 37

are the observable or measurable expressions

Question 38

subacute

Answer 38

describe diseases that fall somewhere between acute and chronic in duration and severity

Question 39

symptoms

Answer 39

indicators that are reported by the ill individual and are considered the subjective manifestations because they cannot be directly observed by the practitioner

Question 40

Syndromes

Answer 40

specific conditions with recognizable, predictable patterns

Question 41

systemic

Answer 41

manifestations present throughout the body and are not confined to one area ex: fever and lethargy

Question 42

Treatment

Answer 42

aimed at eliminating or reducing the cause of disease and thereby eliminating or reducing the clinical manifestations