Chap 9 SG Flashcards
victimization
it refers to the process of being harmed or made to suffer by an act of crime.
victim
is an individual who has suffered harm, injury, or loss due to a crime.
demographics
statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it, often used to analyze victimization trends.
polyvictimization
is the experience of multiple victimizations by an individual.
revictimization
it occurs when a victim experiences a second or subsequent victimization after the first.
secondary victimization
it refers to the additional trauma that victims may experience from the reactions of others, such as law enforcement or the legal system.
secondary victims
individuals who are affected by the victimization of another person, often family or friends.
victimology
is the study of victims and the patterns of their victimization.
victimogenesis
it refers to the process by which individuals become victims.
victim precipitation
it is the concept that a victim may contribute to their own victimization through their actions or behaviors.
victim proneness
the likelihood of an individual becoming a victim based on certain characteristics or behaviors.
lifestyle theory
This theory posits that an individual’s lifestyle choices can increase or decrease their risk of victimization.
lifestyle
it refers to the way in which a person lives, including their habits, activities, and social interactions.
elder abuse
the mistreatment or exploitation of older adults.
RAT
it stands for Routine Activity Theory, which explains that crime occurs in the same time and place when a motivated offender, a suitable target, and a lack of capable guardians converge.
motivated offenders
people driven to commit a crime when presented with criminal opportunities.
suitable target
is a person or object that is perceived as vulnerable to crime.
capable guardian
an individual or factor that can prevent a crime from occurring.
deviant places theory
this theory suggests that certain locations are more conducive to crime due to their social and physical characteristics.
stigmatized neighborhoods
areas that are perceived negatively due to crime or social issues, often leading to increased victimization.
restitution
the act of restoring or compensating for loss or injury caused by a crime.
compensation
it refers to financial payment made to victims for their losses or injuries.
social movement
a collective effort by a group of people to promote or resist change in society.
How have victimization rates changed over the last 30 years?
They have fluctuated over the past 30 years, with some types of crime decreasing while others have remained stable or increased.
What are the most common violent crimes?
it includes assault, robbery, and homicide.
What are the most common property crimes?
it includes burglary, theft, and vandalism.
Who is the ‘typical’ victim of a violent crime?
it varies by demographics such as 18-24 yrs, gender, and socioeconomic status (young poor Black males living in urban areas).
How does income level influence your victimization rate?
its due to factors like living in higher-crime areas and having fewer security resources.
What are the tangible costs in anticipation of crime?
this includes expenses related to security measures, insurance, and property loss due to crime.
What are the intangible costs in anticipation of crime?
this includes emotional distress, fear, and loss of quality of life due to crime.
What physical impacts do victims suffer from?
may suffer physical injuries, trauma, or health issues as a result of crime.
What social impacts do victims suffer from?
it includes isolation, stigma, and changes in relationships.
What are some rights victims are entitled to?
rights such as the right to be informed, the right to participate in legal proceedings, and the right to receive support services.
