Chap 8 SG

Question 1

social class

Answer 1

a division of a society based on social and economic status.

Question 2

bourgeoisie

Answer 2

is the social class that owns the means of production.

Question 3

proletariat

Answer 3

the working class that sells their labor for wages.

Question 4

conflict theory

Answer 4

a sociological perspective that views social life as a competition for limited resources.

Question 5

radical-critical criminology

Answer 5

the relationship between crime and social inequality (the role of the ruling class in society and how they use crime to further their own interests).

Question 6

Karl Marx

Answer 6

a philosopher and economist known for his theories on capitalism and class struggle.

Question 7

peacemaking criminology

Answer 7

it focuses on restorative justice and conflict resolution.

Question 8

convict criminology

Answer 8

it studies the experiences and perspectives of former prisoners.

Question 9

feminist criminology

Answer 9

it examines how gender influences crime and the criminal justice system.

Question 10

patriarchy

Answer 10

a social system in which men hold primary power.

Question 11

radical feminism

Answer 11

it seeks to eliminate patriarchy and address systemic inequalities.

Question 12

liberal feminism

Answer 12

it advocates for gender equality through legal and political reform.

Question 13

socialist feminism

Answer 13

it combines feminist and socialist theories to address both gender and class oppression.

Question 14

Marxist feminism

Answer 14

it analyzes the ways in which women are oppressed through capitalism.

Question 15

Power-Control theory

Answer 15

this theory explains the relationship between gender and delinquency in terms of family structure (social and parental control).

Question 16

gender gap in crime

Answer 16

the difference in crime rates between men and women.

Question 17

androcentric

Answer 17

it refers to a focus on male perspectives and experiences.

Question 18

cultural criminology

Answer 18

it studies the interplay between culture and crime.

Question 19

Verstehen

Answer 19

a German term meaning ‘understanding’ in the context of social sciences.

Question 20

constitutive criminology

Answer 20

it examines how crime is constructed through social processes.

Question 21

media loops and spirals

Answer 21

it refers to the cyclical relationship between media representation and public perception of crime.

Question 22

peace model

Answer 22

it emphasizes conflict resolution and restorative practices in justice.

Question 23

restorative justice

Answer 23

it focuses on repairing the harm caused by crime through reconciliation.

Question 24

BARJ

Answer 24

it stands for Balanced and Restorative Justice, which aims to balance the needs of victims, offenders, and the community.

Question 25

According to Marxist theory, what is the most effective way to get rid of crime?

Answer 25

this theory suggests that eliminating class inequality is essential to reducing crime.

Question 26

What things make up your social class?

Answer 26

it is made up of factors such as income, education, occupation, and wealth.

Question 27

What are the main critiques of Marxist criminology?

Answer 27

Critiques include its focus on economic factors and neglect of other influences like race and gender.

Question 28

What are the biggest critiques of peacemaking criminology?

Answer 28

Critiques focus on its perceived idealism and lack of practical application in severe crime situations.

Question 29

Women commit fewer crimes than men. How does this affect criminal theory and women’s treatment in the system?

Answer 29

This affects theories by highlighting gender biases and the need for gender-sensitive approaches in justice.

Question 30

What five suggestions did convict criminologists propose to improve the system?

Answer 30

1) suggestions include reducing incarceration
2) increasing rehabilitation
3) addressing poverty
4) enhancing education
5) promoting community involvement

Question 31

What are the biggest critiques of conflict criminology?

Answer 31

Critiques include its oversimplification of social conflict and neglect of individual agency.

Question 32

What are the policy implications of conflict criminology?

Answer 32

They include addressing social inequalities and reforming criminal justice practices.

Question 33

What does the victim get out of a restorative justice model?

Answer 33

Victims receive acknowledgment, restitution, and a voice in the justice process.

Question 34

What does the offender get? What does the community get?

Answer 34

They gain opportunities for rehabilitation and accountability, while the community benefits from restored relationships and reduced recidivism.