CHAP 6 Identity and Personality Flashcards
Self Concept:
sum of the ways in which we describe ourselves, in the present, who we used to be, and who we might be in the future.
Identity:
individual components of our self concept related to the groups to which we belong. Religious affiliations, sexual orientation, and ethnic and national affiliations are examples.
Self esteem describes:
evaluation of ourselves
ideal self:
who we want to be
ought self:
who others want us to be
Self Efficacy is?
degree to which we see ourselves being capable at a given skill or in a given situation.
Learned Helplessness is?
when placed in a consistently hopeless scenario self efficacy can be diminished where it can result in learned helplessness.
Locus of Control
Self evaluation that refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives.
Internal Locus of Control
see their success and failure as result of their own characteristics and actions
External Locus of Control
perceive outside factors as having more of an influence in their lives.
Freud;s psychosexual stages of personality development are based on:
-tensions caused by libido
- failure at any stage can cause fixation that cause personality disorders.
- phases include: oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital
Erikson stages of psychological development stems from:
conflicts that occur in life. These conflicts are the result of decisions we are forced to make about ourselves and the environment around us at each phase of our lives.
Kohlberg’s Stages of moral development states:
the approaches of individuals to resolving moral dilemmas. Kohlberg believed that we progress through 6 stages divided into 3 main phases; Pre-conventional, conventional, and post conventional.
Vygotsky described developed of language, culture and skills. He proposed:
idea of zone of proximal development, which describes those skills that a child has not yet mastered and require more knowledgable other to accomplish.
Imitation and role-taking are:
common ways children learn from others. Children first reproduce the behaviors of their role models and later learn to see the perspectives of others and practice taking in new role models.
