chap 15

Question 1

Fronde

Answer 1

an uprising in France after Cardinal Mazarins attempts to increase royal revenues. this fronde caused five year old Louis XIV and his mother to flee from france

Question 2

Mercantilism

Answer 2

a collection of governmental policies for the regulation of economic activities by and for the state. It derives its base from the idea that a nation’s health is based on the amount of gold and silver it possesses

Question 3

Peace of Utrecht

Answer 3

agreed upon after the War for Spanish Succession. It allowed Louis’ grandson to continue to rule on the understanding that the French and Spanish crowns would never be united

Question 4

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 4

ended war in Germany, ensured that all German states were free to determine own religion, recognized Calvinism as a religion, made it clear that religion and politics were separate

Question 5

Junkers

Answer 5

German nobility

Question 6

Boyars

Answer 6

Russian nobility

Question 7

Cossacks

Answer 7

russian warrior bands made up of peasants that fled to regions of southern russia to escape ivan the terribles persecution.

Question 8

Sultan

Answer 8

ottoman empire’s form of an absolutist leader

Question 9

Janissary Corps

Answer 9

A highly organized and efficient group of troops that gave the Ottomans a formidable advantage in war. The key to their power was the effective use of gunpowder and cannon

Question 10

Millet System

Answer 10

The Ottoman’s divided their subjects into religious communities called “millet,” with each being largely autonomous and self-governing under their religious leader. The millet system created a powerful bond between the Ottoman ruling class and religious leaders

Question 11

Constitutionalism

Answer 11

the limitation of government by law. Constitutionalism implies the balance of power between the government on one hand and the liberties of the people on the other hand

Question 12

Republicanism

Answer 12

A system where there are elected representatives from the people instead of a monarch.

Question 13

Puritans

Answer 13

Puritans believed that the Protestant Reformation had not gone far enough. They wanted to “purify” the Anglican church of Roman Catholicism

Question 14

Protectorate

Answer 14

installed by cromwell- commonwealth government- legislative power would rest in Parliament and executive power was in the council of state. In reality, Cromwell’s control of the army made him a military dictatorship

Question 15

Test Act

Answer 15

1673- denied those outside of the Church of England the right to vote, hold public office, preach, teach, attend university, or even assemble for meetings

Question 16

Stadholder

Answer 16

In each province, the Estates appointed an executive officer, known as the stadholder. This person carried out all ceremonial functions and was responsible for military defense