Chap-13 Endocrine system

Question 1

Types of Hormones

Answer 1

• A.A derivatives ( Da/Catecholamines)
• Small Neuropeptides ( ADH, GnRH)
• Lg peptides( Insulin, PTH , LH)
• Sterols (Cortisol, Estrogen)
• Vitamins ( A and D)

Question 2

Transport :

Answer 2

Depends if
H20 Soluble
or
Lipid soluble (needs transport proteins)

Question 3

T4 and T3- Transporters

Answer 3

TBG - TBPA - Albumin because insoluble to h20

Question 4

Cortisol-transporters

Answer 4

CBG

Question 5

Androgen and Estrogen -transporters

Answer 5

SHBG

Question 6

IGF I and II - Transporters

Answer 6

IGFBP

Question 7

GH-Transporter

Answer 7

GHBP

Question 8

How is hormonal secretion done

Answer 8

Dirscrete pulses

Question 9

Where is oxytocin made?

Answer 9

PVN

Question 10

Where is ADH made?

Answer 10

SON

Question 11

Primary disroder

Answer 11

Affect endocrine gland

Question 12

2ndary disorder

Answer 12

Affect Pituitary (Controls endocrine)

Question 13

3tertiary disorder

Answer 13

Affect Hypothalamus (controls Pituitary that controls the endocrine)

Question 14

Quaternary disorder

Answer 14

Affect cells that respond to the targets tissue hormone

Question 15

Acromegaly

Answer 15

Inc. GH production before epiphyseal plate fuses

Question 16

CUshings syndrome

Answer 16

ACTH dep/independ or ectopic

Question 17

Thyroid Hormones 3 functions

Answer 17

1) Synthesize tyrosine (used for thyroglobullin)
2) Incoorporate iodine w/ Tyrosine in the thyroglobullin
3) Thyroglobulin hydrolysis + T.H secretion

Question 18

Mechanism of T3

Answer 18

D3,D2 moves T3 in cells

T3 then binds to RxR-DNA-TH-R =complex and inc. mRNA …

Question 19

T4 transport

Answer 19

Uses D1/D2 to make T3

or D3 to make Rev. T3

Question 20

Can the posterior pituitary synthezie hormones?

Answer 20

NO. BUT IT DOES STORE and release Oxytocin and ADH

Question 21

Where are hormones made?

Answer 21

Hypothalamus or adeno synthezie hormones

Question 22

What does TBG have higher affinity for?

Answer 22

T4

Question 23

What does TBPA have higher affinity for ?

Answer 23

T3

Question 24

TBPA TGB and Albumin bind 99.8% of ?

Answer 24

T4, 99.98% of T4 is bound where as 99.7% unbound T3

Question 25

What does Grave’s consist of ?

Answer 25

Hyper-thyrodism,

slide with big eyes ( Goiter) , fingers being fat,

Question 26

What can toxic nodular cause?

Answer 26

Thyroid to be less effective

Question 27

What does Hashimoto’s consist?

Answer 27

Thyroid tissue destruction
Antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase
u have enough iodine, just not metabolizing it …

=> Hypothyroidism

Question 28

Zona Glomeruolosa

Answer 28

Aldosterone

Question 29

Zonga fasciculata

Answer 29

Cortisol

Question 30

Zona reticularis

Answer 30

Androgens

Question 31

What can not having cholesterol cause problems to?

Answer 31

Making steroid hormones, cause LDL and HDL transports cholesterol to be made to make hormones

Question 32

What increases before ovulation?

Answer 32

Estrogen and Inhibin

Question 33

What increases after ovulation?

Answer 33

Progesterone

and 2nd peak of estrogen and inhibin

Question 34

What does LH and FSH have power in males?

Answer 34

LH go to Leydig cells

FSH goes to sertoli cells

Question 35

what remains constant in menopause?

Answer 35

LH and Porgesterone concentrations,

but FSh and LH keep increasing