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American History Ap > Chaoter 8 Based On Notes > Flashcards

Chaoter 8 Based On Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

What was America’s first civil war?

A

American revolution

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2
Q

Main cause of the American revolution

A

Colonists we’re not given the rights of Englishmen

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3
Q

What did the colonsiss do after lexington and concord?

A

Laid siege to Boston

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4
Q

Battle of ft Ticonderoga

A

Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen and his green mountain boys defeat the British and take cannon and move them to Boston

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5
Q

Deceive the battle of bunker hill.

What were the results?

A

First major battle of the revolution - deadliest

Col. William prescott (American) don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes

Costly British victory (1,100) casualties

Results: 1.) British evacuate Boston
2.) 2nd continental congress (13 colonies) meet in Philadelphia.
Served as our first government
John Hancock was the president
They created an army
And chose George Washington over John Hancock as commander because he had military experience in the French and Indian war and they needed the support of Virginia

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6
Q

Describe the olive branch petition.

What were the results

A

Continental congress called for a return to the former harmony between Britain and the colonies! Peace!

Results of it:

  1. ( king George declared the colonists traitors
  2. ) prohibitory act: great Britain ended all trade with the colonists and set up a blockade
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7
Q

Why did Americans invade Canada?

A

They hoped the French would join against the British as the fourteenth colonies.

They didn’t

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8
Q

Who wrote the book common sense?

A

Thomas Paine

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9
Q

What was the book common sense??

A

A list of reasons why the Americans should declare independence from the British.

Proposed a radical idea called the American 3xperiment (the idea that th3 common peopl3 could rule themselves without the need for a king.

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10
Q

What did Richard Henry lee do?

A

Proposed a resolution to declare our independence before the continental congress

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11
Q

Who were the five men chosen to draft the Declaration of Independence

A 
John Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Robert Livingston
Roger Sherman
Thomas Jefferson - author
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12
Q

When was the Declaration of Independence accepted?

A

July 4 1776

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13
Q

What were the three ideas and principles expressed in the d3claration of independence

A

All men are created equal
All men have three god given rights. Life liberty and persuit of happiness
Government is to serve the will of the people

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14
Q

Americans chose sides, what were they?

A

Tories: loyalists
Patriots: whigs
Neutrals

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15
Q

What is a loyalist

What %

Famous loyalist

Why were they loyalists

Where did most live?

A

The tories were those who opposed independence and remained loyal to the crown.

20%

William Franklin - son of Benjamin Franklin

Conscience couldn’t let them betray 
Jobs: worked for the crown
Pacifists: quakers
Angelica’s clergy
Wealthy and had nothing to gain

New York and south

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16
Q

What is a patriot

Why

Where at first

A

Whigs were those in favor of the revolution

Rights taken away from them
Economic opportunity
Independence

Most were in New England at first

20%

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17
Q

What were the neutrals

A

65% very hard to stay neutral.

Was the group both sides needed

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18
Q

What were some British advantages

A

Best trained army
Strong central government
Unlimited supplies and equipment

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19
Q

Some British disadvantages

A

Unfamiliar territory
Mercenary soldiers (German hessians)
Not fully supported at home

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20
Q

American advantages

A

Fighting for the cause of independence
Leadership if George Washington
Foreign aid
Defensive war and territory

21
Q

American disadvantages

A

Poorly trained
Not United
Very little money for food and equipment
No real government

22
Q

What do the British do after evacuating Boston?

A

They invade NYC

23
Q 
Describe the battles of NYC
Overall British commander. How many?
American?
Story
Results
A

Over all British commander: gen William Howe 35,000
American: George Washington 18,000 mostly malitia

Story: George washing was offered a pardon but refused saying those who have committed no fault want no pardon.

Army was trapped up against a river and a mysterious fog protected his armies retreat. Gods protection

Americans loose all three battles because of their inexperience and fear

Results:

British occupy New York
Most Americans deserted the army

(Charles lee Washington’s second in command is captured
Lowest point in war all looked lost)

24
Q

What two events help the Americans to boost morale and save the cause?

A
  1. ) Thomas Paine writes the crisis. These are the times that try men’s souls… summer soldier and sunshine patriot he was challenging their manhood
  2. ) battle of Trenton surprise attack the day after Christmas - Americans win!
25
Q

What are the results of the battle of Philadelphia

A

Continental congress abandons the city
Washington and Americans lose the city in a series of battles
Americans lost largest city

26
Q

Describe the battle of Saratoga

Major result?

A

American commander: Horacio gates (wanted Washington’s job)
British:John Burgoyne

Americans led by Benedict Arnold and DEFEAT the British shock.

Hero of the battle was Benedict Arnold

French decide to join the Americans in the war because they wanted revenge for the French Indian
Turning point in war

27
Q

What did Benedict Arnold later become a traitors

A

Plotted to turn over West Point

Why?
Never credited for his victories
Not promoted
Married a Tory (Peggy shippen)

28
Q

Who was Peggy shippen

A

Benedict Arnolds wife

29
Q

What was the Franco American alliance

A

USA becomes allies with France - oldest ally

30
Q

What was the Carlisle peace commission

A

British attempted to make peace! Offered self rule as a British colony

31
Q

Who was friedrich von Steuben

A

German man trained continentals into a disciplined army

32
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A

French
Close aid to George Washington

Paying for the war: American side

33
Q

Haym Solomon

A

In charge of raising money for the Americans

Printed money continentals caused inflation
Borrowed from foreign countries

34
Q

Name the famous women

A

Deborah Sampson
Disguised herself as a man to serve in the continental army

Mary Ludwig hays
“Molly pitcher”
Heroine at battle of Monmouth

Betsy Ross
Made the first American flag

35
Q

African Americans

A

Fought on both sides with the promise of freedom

36
Q

Who was prince estrabrook

A

Battle of Lexington

37
Q

Peter Salem

A

Battle of bunker hill

38
Q

Who did the native Americans fight for and why

A

The British because they were promised the land west of the Appalachian mountains

39
Q

Who was George Rogers Clark

A

Led Americans and defeats the native Americans led by Joseph brant(thayendanegea)

40
Q

John Paul Jones

A

Americans naval commander of the bonhomie Richard

We have not yet begun to fight

41
Q

Patrick Henry

Give me liberty or give me death

A

Give me liberty or give me death

42
Q

Nathan Hale

A

American spy” I regret that I have but one life to give for my country”

George Washington’s spy network the culper ring.
Benjamin tallmadge was the leader

43
Q

What was the greatest British victory

A

Battle of Charlestown

British generals Cornwallis left in charge of operations in the south

Invades the Carolinas

44
Q

Francis Marion

A

Swamp fox
Fights with gorilla warfare
Local hero

45
Q

Nathanael greene

A

American general
Fighting Quaker
Battle of kings mt, guilford courthouse, cowpens

46
Q

Results of the battle of Yorktown

A

British recognizes us independence

America gains most land east of Mississippi River

47
Q

Results of the American revolution

A

1: USA independence
2: created a rise in egalitarianism
3: created a new society were the people would rule themselves
4: Americans began to question slavery

48
Q

E plaribus unum

A

Out of many one
Latin

Meaning: out of many people one nation
Usa motto

American History Ap (10 decks)

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