17 Flashcards
What is the church of Jesus Christ Latter Day Saints
Mormons
Who founded the church of Jesus Christ Latter Day Saints?
Joseph Smith (New York)
What was a strange belief of the Mormons?
Polygamy (more than one spouse)
They also believed they were the last tribe of Israel
Name the places the Mormons were driven out of. And then what they did.
After being driven out of NY, Ohio, Missouri, and then they finally settled in nauvoo, Illinois. They were eventually persecuted there too. Then, eventually their founder (smith) was killed there.
Who became the Mormons new leader? What did he do?
Brigham Young became the new leader, and he led them west to Mexico, they decided to settle in the great salt lake. Why? Because it was in the middle of the desert.nobody could bother them.
Why did the Mormons move west?
Why settle in a desert?
To escape persecution!
No one would bother them there,
How many Mormons moved west? Then what was the settlement called? What does it mean? What was it later changed to?
10,000 Mormons went
Settlement was called “Deseret”
It meant honey bee
Later changed to Utah.
Where was gold discovered? (Began)
In the American river, northern part of California, in a place called sutters mill. By James Marshall.
Word leaked out and the Gold Rush started.
What were 49ers.
Gold seekers that came from the United States and all over the world!
They thought they were gonna get rich, not a lot of people actually got rich.
What group of the 49ers actually got rich from the gold?
A few miners got rich,
But the MERCHANTS were the ones that became rich.
Who was California’s first millionaire? What was he? How did he get rich?
Samuel Brannan
(Mormon)
He started general stores in San Francisco (supplies, picks, shovels, and pans)
Remember it because brandymill is a rich neighborhood.
Who was Levi’s Strauss.
Sold denim miner pants (blue jeans)he made a fortune.
What were mining towns called? What were they like?
Boomtowns
They rose up overnight!!
Boomtowns were violent, lawless towns
(Gambling halls, saloons, dance halls, etc)
Two of the most largest boomtowns.
San Francisco and Sacramento.
Name given to the boomtown Sacramento
Gateway to the goldfields
Because boomtowns were so violent, what did they do?
They used vigilantes law.
They took law in to their own hands (police, judge, jury, and executioner)
Gold rush didn’t last long. Was was left as a result?
Lots of gold was found.
Ghost towns were left. After gold gone
“Boom to bust”
Results of the gold rush:
- ) California’s population sky rocketed and becomes a state
- ) brings diversity to California
- .) transcontinental railroad as a result of the gold rush connected east and west.
- ) San Francisco becomes a major city
- ) thousands of native Americans were killed and enslaved as a result of the gold rush.
What were the impacts of the manifest destiny?
Good and bad
- ) united states greatly expanded.
- ) gave Americans a sense of pride and unity
- ) displacement of native Americans
- ) USA stole half of Mexico.
Who was the Louisiana purchase bought from?
What did it do to the USA
Purchased from the French and Napoleon
Doubled the size of the USA
Who was sent to explore the Louisiana purchase?
Who sent them?
Lewis and clark
President Thomas Jefferson
Full names of Luis and Clark
Meriweather Lewis and William Clark
What was the corps of discovery?
Group of 33 men and Sacajawea, their Indian guide and mentor
What were the three major purposes of Lewis and larks expedition?
Result of it?
- ) find an all water route across the continent
- ) explore and map out the land acquired
- ) open up trade and commerce
Opened the west to American settlers.
Who was president during the war of 1812
James Madison
Who was the war of 1812 against?
USA vs Britain
What was the war of 1812 called?
Second war for indeoendance
4 causes of the war of 1812
- ) British attempts to restrict Us Free trade
- ) British impressment (forces service) of us sailors in British navy
- ) US desire to take Canada
- ) expansion west
Who were the war hawks? What did they want? Who were they led by?
They wanted war with Great Britain
They were led by Henry clay
Name the five figures that came from the war of 1812
- ) William Henry Harrison
- ) Andrew Jackson
- ) Francis Scott key
- ) uss constitution
- ) treaty of gent
Who was William Henry Harrison?
One of the famous figures that came from the war of 1812
He led US forces to victory against tecumseh and his Indian confederacy at the battle of tippicanoe
Who was Andrew Jackson?
One of the famous figures from the war of 1812.
He was the hero at the battle of New Orleans. (Last battle of the war) and was won by the US
Last battle of the war of 1812
The battle of New Orleans
Who was Francis Scott key?
One of the famous figures that came from the war of 1812
Wrote the star spangled banner at fort mchenry
What is the USS constitution.
Another name for it?
Something special about it.
Ship
Old Ironsides
Oldest commissioned ship in the world
Describe the treaty of gent
One of the famous figures that came from the war of 1812
It ended the war in a draw!
Name the four results of the war of 1812
- ) US capitol. It’s was burned by the British
- ) boosted the US confidence in themselves
- ) fostered a new spirit of patriotism
- ) CREATED THE MANIFEST DESTINY
Define manifest destiny
The belief that it was Americans god given right to spread out over and possess the entire continent.
Who coined the term manifest destiny?
John o Sullivan.
Remember because people be like.
“Oh, sullivan’ that’s not right!”
First territory to be taken from manifest destiny?
Oregon
Where was Oregon country located?
Name series of events around it. (How we got it pretty much)
Between Rocky Mountains and Pacific Ocean north of California
1.) four nations claimed it
USA RUSSIA AND Spain
2.) Russo American treaty; Russia drops its claim
3.) Adam’s - onis treaty - Spain drops its claim
4.) the British and the USA occupies Oregon jointly for a while.
What are mountain men?
Fur trappers that spent most of the year in the mountains.
What did mountain men hunt?
Beaver pelts
Who was the most famous American mountain man? What was he first to do?
Jedediah Smith, he was the first to California.
Who was the American merchant that started a fur company?
John Jacob Astor
Who was John Jacob Astor?
Rich American merchant who started a fur company
What was a rendezvous?
What did they do there? (3 things)
A gathering of mountain men once a year (late summer)
- ) They would trade and sell furs
- ) swap stories and have contests
- ) lasted about two weeks
Who were the first to explore and open trails to the west?
Mountain men
Who was doctor Marcus whitman?
Who was his wife?
He started a mission.
Narcisa
They worked with the native Americans.
They eventually brought pioneers west
Describe the Oregon trail.
Where did it go from, where to?
How long was it?
It went from independence, missupouri to Portland, Oregon.
How did they travel on the Oregon trail?
Another way to say it?
In a wagon train.
Conestoga wagons.
10-50 wagons
How many pioneers went west in the Oregon trail?
Tens of thousands
Who do you think was not thrilled with the manifest destiny?
Why?
(3 reasons)
Native Americans
- ) land stolen
- ) buffalo destroyed
- ) disease
Why did the pioneers go west? (4 reasons)
- ) land
- ) opportunity to start a new life
- ) adventure
- ) Gold
How long did the Oregon trail trip take?
5 to 6 months
Who were the pathfinders? What did they do?
Led the trains west, ex mountain men.
Who won the 1844 presidential election?
What was he called?
James K. Polk.
Dark horse
How was war avoided with British?
A comprimise was made, a border between Oregon and Canada was set at the 49th parallel.
What was the northern province of Mexico?
Coahuila, Tejas was part of it.
What are the residents of Texas called?
Tejanos
Mexico wanted Tejas to grow, what did they do to let it grow?
Offered free land grants to anyone who comes to Texas.
What were the rules for the free land in Texas?
- ) learn Spanish
- )convert to Catholicism
- ) obey Mexican law and no slavery
Who was Moses Austin, what did he do?
Organized a group of Americans to go texas.
What does empresario mean?
Businessman
Who organized a group of Americans to go to Texas? He dies so who takes it over? Name? Nickname
Moses Austin. His son takes it over, Stephen austin. Old three hundred.
Who was sent to the capital to talk with the president general Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Stephen Austin
Why did a revolt brake out in Texas?
Because their leader was put in jail.
What was the first fight for indeoendance (Texas)
Battle of Gonzales
What was the results and outcome of the Alamo?
All Americans were killed.
Results:
1.) gave gen. Sam Houston time to prepare
2.) gave the Texans a motivational rally! Turning point!
“Remember the Alamo”
Who was elected president of Texas?
What did he do right after?
Why didn’t it happen?
How long until it actually happened.
San Houston
Asked the USA to annex them?
Because it would have broken the balance between slave and free states!
Took 9 years for it to happen.
Describe the New Mexico province.
Who did it originally belong to?
Capitol?
Spain and Mexico
Santa Fe
What was the Santa Fe trail?
Trade route between Mexico and the USA
Highway to the southwest
Who opened the Santa Fe trail?
William becknell
Remember because sounds like backnail and trading between takes a while
Who founded the port express?
What was it?
William Russel -
Remember because Russel sounds like rush and it was a mail service and you have to rush.
It was a mail and newspaper service to the west.
Shortly replaced by a telegraph
Who was the first American to California?
Jedediah Smith
Three major battles of the Mexican American war.
Battle of Buena Vista
Zachary Taylor “Old rough and ready”
Attacked and control the Texas Mexican border
Windfield Scott
“Old fuss and feathers”
Sent to capture Mexico City (capital)
Battle of Vera Cruz
Stephen Kearny “the long marcher”
Sent to control New Mexico and California
How long did the bear flag republic last?
1 week.
2things about the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- USA received Mexican cession (California, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada)
- ) USA paid Mexico 15 million
What is the Mexican cession
California, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada
