Ch.9 - Animal Architecture Flashcards
What are the 5 levels of organization?
protoplasmic, cell aggregate (cellular), tissue (cell-tissue), organs (tissue-organ), organ system
What does protoplasmic include?
unicellular organisms only
what does cell aggregate (cellular) mean?
aggregation of cells with some division of labor (no tissue)
what does tissue level include?
a group of cells united to perform a clear function together (no organs)
what does organ level include?
more specialized, multiple tissues (no organ systems)
organisms are classified according to their _____ level of organization.
highest
What is considered intracellular?
cytoplasm
Intracellular is _____% of human body weight.
36
Extracellular is _____% of human body weight
24
What is within blood vessels/heart and makes up 4% of the 24% of extracellular?
blood plasma
What is in surrounding cells and makes up 20% of the 24% of extracellular?
interstitial fluid
what is acoelomate?
no body cavity
what is pseudocoelomate?
body cavity not entirely lined with mesoderm
what is eucoelomate?
entire body cavity lined with mesoderm
What defines a deuterostome?
radial + indeterminate, enterocoelous, anus develops first
what defines protostomes?
spiral + determinate, schizocoelous, mouth develops first
what does radial symmetry mean?
identical parts are arranged in a circular fashion around a central axis
what does spiral symmetry mean?
unidentical parts wind around a center axis
what is enterocoelous?
folds of archenteron form coelom
what is schizocoelous?
solid masses of mesoderm split to form coelom
what is metamerism?
having body segments
what phyla are metameristic?
annelida, arthropoda, chordata
what is cephilization?
having a head
what phyla have cephalization?
annelida, arthropoda, chordata
what phyla are protoplasmic?
protista + bacteria
what phyla are examples of cellular or cell aggregate?
multicellular protista + porifera
what’s an example of tissue (cell-tissue)?
cnidaria
what phyla is an example of organ (tissue-organ)?
Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
what phylas have an organ system?
nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata
What phyla have no germ layer of tissue?
porifera (sponges)
what phyla have 2 germ layers of tissue (diploblastic)?
cnidaria
what phyla have 3 germ layers of tissue (triploblastic)?
platyhelminthes, nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata
what phyla is an acoelomate?
platyhelminthes
what phyla is a pseudocoelomate?
nematoda
what phyla are eucoelomate?
mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata
What is the location of digestion for tapeworms?
no location
what phyla have intracellular digestion?
protista + porifera
what phyla have both intracellular and extracellular locations of digestion?
cnidaria, PLANARIA, flukes, nematoda
what phyla have extracellular digestion?
mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata
What phyla have no digestive system?
protista, porifera, tapeworms
what phyla have an incomplete digestive system?
cnidaria, planaria, flukes
what phyla have a complete digestive system?
nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arhtropoda, echinodermata, chordata
what phyla are monecious?
platyhelminthes + annelida
what phyla are dioecious?
nematoda, mollusca, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata
what has a single circulation?
fish
what has a double circulation?
amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
what phyla have no circulation?
porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda
what phyla have an open circulation system?
mollusca (except cephalopods, arthropoda)
what phyla have a closed circulation system?
cephalopods, annelida, chordata
what animals have lungs for respiration?
mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians
what animals have gills for respiration?
fish, some amphibian and arthropod larvae
what animals have book lungs for respiration?
spiders, scorpions
what animals have book gills for respiration?
horseshoe crab
what animals have tracheal for respiration?
adult insects
what animals have cutaneous for respiration?
porifera, cnidaria, worms, many amphibians
