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Kinesiology 3800 > Ch.9 > Flashcards

Ch.9 Flashcards

1
Q

3 Cardiac responses

A

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Cardiac output

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2
Q

2 vascular responses

A

Blood pressure
Blood flow

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3
Q

Untrained HR rest

A

60 to 80bpm

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4
Q

Traine HR rest

A

Low as 30 to 40bpm

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5
Q

What can affect testing HR? (NTA)

A

Neural tone, temperature, altitude

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6
Q

HR increases above RRHR just before start of exercise

A

Anticipatory response

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7
Q

Decrease in vagal tone

A

Parasympathetic withdrawal

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8
Q

Increase in Catecholamine

A

Sympathetic stimulation

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9
Q

TF: HR during exercise is parallel to exercise intensity

A

False
Proportional

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10
Q

Highest HR achieved in all-out effort to volitional fatigue

A

Maximum Heart Rate

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11
Q

Point of plateu

A

Steady state Heart Rate

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12
Q

TF: If intensity increases, so does steady state HR

A

True

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13
Q

Stroke volume plateaus after increasing ___ VO2max

A

40-60%

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14
Q

What 3 things control stroke volume? (PCA)

A

Preload
Contractility
Afterload

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15
Q

End-diastolic volume (EDV)

A

Preload

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16
Q

The more the ventricles are “stretched” (i.e. greater EDV), the more forceful the contraction

A

Frank-Starling mechanism

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17
Q

Preload: SV increases as ventricular EDV __

A

Increases

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18
Q

Sympathetic nerve activity that circulates Catecholamine

A

Cardiac contractility

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19
Q

Amount of free calcium in the cytosine

A

Cardiac contractility

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20
Q

Cardiovascular responses that increase stroke volume (IID)

A

-Increase in Venous Return & Preload
-Increase in Contractility
-Decrease in Afterload

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21
Q

Cardiac Output (Q) equation

A

HR x SV

22
Q

Where does Cardiac Output plateau?

A

Near VO2max

23
Q

Q normal values (RUT)

A

– Resting Q
• ~5 L/min
– Untrained Q
•
max ~20 L/min
– Trained Q
•
max >40 L/min

24
Q

What does O2 consumption depend on? (2)

A

Blood flow to tissue
Amount of O2 extracted by tissue

25
Q

Fick Equation for VO2

A

VO2 = Q x (a-v)O2 difference

26
Q

What is (a-v)O2 difference?

A

Arterial O2 - mix d venous O2

27
Q

Resting O2 per 100ml blood

A

~6mL

28
Q

Max exercise O2 per 100mL blood

A

~18mL

29
Q

During endurance exercise, Systolic BP __ proportional to exercise intensity

A

Increase

30
Q

During endurance exercise, Diastolic BP does not change or slightly __

A

Decreae

31
Q

Resistance training triggers large __ in MAP

A
32
Q

How high can MAP go during resistance exercise?

A

480/350mmHg

33
Q

Method that is potentially dangerous but accompanies certain types of exercise

A

Valsalva maneuver

34
Q

Parts of the Valsalva maneuver

A

– Close glottis (opening between the vocal
cord)
– ⬆️Intra-abdominal P (contracting
diaphragm)
– ⬆️Intrathoracic P (contracting respiratory
muscles)

35
Q

Consequences of Valsalva maneuver

A

Dizziness, disorientation, syncope

36
Q

High pressure from Vm collapse great veins to trigger decrease ___, ___, ___

A

Venous return
Cardiac output (Q)
Arterial blood pressure

37
Q

Increase Cardiac Output triggers increase in available blood flow

A

Blood flow redistribution

38
Q

Shunts blood away from less active regions

A

Sympathetic vasoconstriction

39
Q

Less active regions that Sympathetic vasoconstriction pulls blood away

A

Kidneys
Splanchnic circulation (liver, pancreas , GI)

40
Q

Permits additional blood flow in exercising muscle

A

Local vasodilation

41
Q

Local Vasodilation is triggered by __,__ products

A

Metabolic, endothelial

42
Q

Sympathetic vasoconstriction in muscle offset by local vasodilation

A

Functional sympatholysis

43
Q

TF: Local vasodilation < neural vasoconstriction

A

False
>

44
Q

Exercise + (other demands for blood) =

A

Competition for Cardiac Output (Q)

45
Q

Exercise + heat(skin) =

A

Competition for Q

46
Q

As temperature rises, __ VD also occurs

A

Skin

47
Q

In skin VD, how can heat be released?

A

When blood moves close to the skin

48
Q

Cardiovascular drift is associated with increase in __ & __

A

Core temperature
Dehydration

49
Q

Decrease in stroke volume drifts causes (SSV)

A

Skin blood flow increase
Small decrease in plasma volume
Venous return decrease

50
Q

During Cardiovascular Drift, HR drifts __ to compensate

A

Up/increases

Kinesiology 3800 (12 decks)

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