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CFD Training Academy Study > Ch8 Ground Ladders > Flashcards

Ch8 Ground Ladders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the working load limit for all roof and extension ladders?

A

750 pounds

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2
Q

Name the compliment of ladders on CFD Engines…

A

(1) Folding Ladder (Little Giant)
(1) 10’ Attic Ladder
(1) 14’ Roof Ladder
(1) 24’ Extension Ladder

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3
Q

At what temperature do the heat sensors change color?

A

149c/300f

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4
Q

Name 6 ladder parts…

A

Rungs, beams, tips, butt, butt spurs, heat sensors, halyard, halyard cable, etc…

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5
Q

Name 5 ladder safety considerations…

A

Call for a buttman, right ladder for the job, check for overhead hazards and ground conditions, proper PPE, correct lifting technique, always make sure dogs are locked, etc…

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6
Q

How is the correct distance determined for the butt from the building?

A

25% of total ladder height

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7
Q

What is the correct angle for non-rescue ladder operations?

A

75 degrees

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8
Q

What is the correct angle for rescue ladder operations?

A

60 degrees

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9
Q

Where is the ladder placed for horizontal venting operations?

A

Upwind and to the side of the window with the tips inline with the sill.

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10
Q

Where is the ladder placed for rescue operations?

A

With the tips below the sill in the middle of the window.

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11
Q

Where is the ladder placed for entry?

A

In the middle with one rung above the sill.

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12
Q

The NFPA requires a safety factor of ______ for all ladders.

A

4:1

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13
Q

Ladder INSPECTIONS are done _______ and _______?

A

Monthly (first Sunday of every month) and after each use

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14
Q

Ladder testing is done at what three times?

A

Before service
Annually while in service
After heat exposure or rough treatment

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15
Q

How many rungs are placed above the roof edge when working on the roof for vertical ventilation?

A

3-5 rungs with a 75 degree climbing angle

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16
Q

On what side of the body should the leg lock be performed on?

A

Opposite of the working side

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17
Q

When hoisting a ladder with a rope, what direction should the tips point from the building?

A

Away from the building to overcome obstacles.

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18
Q

Unless absolutely necessary, where should ladders NOT be placed?

A

In front of entrances or exits, into or against burning objects or windows, against rounded roof surfaces or against the slope of a pitched roof which may cause the ladder to slide, in a manner in which the butt of the ladder straddles hose lines.

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19
Q

What ladder raise is ideal for narrow laneways, tight alleyways, and between buildings?

This ladder raise is fast to deploy and can be immediately dropped, grounded, and raised?

A

Beam raise

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20
Q

This ladder raise is the fastest to deploy…

A

Beam raise

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21
Q

This ladder raise is easiest for the member raising the ladder as well as the grounding member…

A

Flat raise

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22
Q

This ladder raise is not always achievable due to obstructions, and is slower than others…

A

Flat raise

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23
Q

Low shoulder carry or ‘‘chicken wing’’ is what…

A

The low shoulder carry is used as one of the primary carries for all 28’ or less ladders. The low shoulder carry is the carry used when performing the “chicken wing”.

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24
Q

High shoulder carry is what…

A

This carry has the most versatility since this throw is on the beam.
It is more ergonomic since the weight of the ladder is in line with the body and uses the shoulder as a fulcrum.
Faster deployment.
Accurate deployment.
Keeps one hand free to carry a tool.

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25
Q

Ladders should never be overloaded. What is the maximum weight limit for ladders and firefighter limit?

A

Load limit is 750 lbs and only one firefighter every 10 ft (3m) or one per section.

26
Q

A residential story averages about 10’ (3m), and the distance from the floor to a windowsill averages about 3’ (1m).

A commercial story averages 12’ (4m) from floor to floor, with a 4’ (a little more than a meter) distance from the floor to window sill.

A

True. This was on an exam. IFSTA p327

27
Q

Rungs on fire service ladders are usually round and spaced 14 inches…

A

So, when extending a single fly extension ladder “two clicks” it is moving 28” higher. However, when a two fly ladder is moved “two clicks” it is being extended 56”.

This was apparently on a test with a previous class.

28
Q

All firefighters should be able to perform routine ground ladder maintenance according to departmental SOP’s and manufacturer’s recommendations.

A

True. Any ladders in need of repair require the service of a trained ladder repair technician. P324

29
Q

When raising ladders around power lines, CFD and the Hydro One book say how many meters for safety?

A

7 meters

30
Q

The designated length of a ladder is NOT the ladder’s reach because ladders are set at angles of approximately 75 degrees for climbing. The reach will be less than the designated length. In case of extension ladders, however, the maximum extended length may be as much as 6” less than the designated length.

A

True. P328

31
Q

Carrying tools up and down a ladder disrupts your natural climbing motion either because of the added weight or the need to use one hand to hold the tool.

A

Whenever possible, use a utility rope to hoist tools and equipment rather than carrying them up a ladder.

32
Q

When is service testing ladders done?

A

Service test all ground ladders before being placed into service, test annually while in service, and service test after any use that exposes them to high heat or rough treatment. p323

33
Q

Two objectives are to be met when placing ground ladders…

A
  1. Position the ladder properly for its intended use.

2. Place the butt the proper distance from the building for safe and easy climbing.

34
Q

What are the moving feet at the bottom of a ladder called? p315

A

Footpads (also called shoes)… Swivel plates attached to the butt of the ladder; usually have rubber or neoprene bottom surfaces.

35
Q 
Suitcase Carry (28' or more)
The suitcase carry is used for ladder over 28' or more. This carry is accomplished by two members and is preferred over the flat carry...
A

The suitcase carry is easy to adjust for the height of different members.
The ladder is easy to reposition, drop or slide. If the ladder is caught, it can be easily dropped without injury.
Easier to move around obstacles.
This carry leads directly into a beam or flat raise and is fast and efficient on the fire ground.

36
Q

Carrying ladders safely… p331

A

Identify one member of your lift team as a team leader. (Butt man is in charge)

37
Q

Ladder Commands… CFD Manual… Ground Ladders
Commands are usually given by the member at the Butt of the ladder. This member will give the command to raise and place the ladder to the objective.

A

If an officer is involved in the raise because there is inadequate man power available, they will position themselves at the butt.

38
Q

What is the difference between the beam raise over the flat raise? CFD manual. Ground Ladders. P19

A

Beam raise is ideal for narrow laneways, tight alleyways, and between building. It is fast to deploy; using the suitcase carry/high low carry, the ladder can be immediately dropped, grounded and raised.

Flat raise is easier for the member raising the ladder, as well as the grounding member. It is not best suited to where the ladder can be placed perpendicular to the building. This raise is not always achievable due to obstructions, and the raise is slower than the beam raise.

39
Q

Ladders on Aerial A21##, 105’ Straight Stick

A 
1x 12' fresno
2x 16' roof
1x 18' roof
2x 28' extension ladder
2x 35' extension ladder
1x 45' bangor ladder
40
Q

Is it safe practice to leg lock on an aerial?

A

No. That is dumb.

41
Q

What is the difference between a wall ladder and a roof ladder?

A

A roof ladder has deployable hooks that are for steep roofs where as the wall ladder does not have these hooks. However a roof ladder can be used as a wall ladder if the hooks are not deployed.

42
Q

Removing ladders from the apparatus… p329
The procedures for removing ground ladders from the apparatus when the ladders are mounted on the side or top differ from those used when they are mounted in the flat position. To remove mounted ladders, first unlatch the securing devices and lift the ladder off the bracket and into the correct carrying position.

A

To remove ladders stored internally in compartments, first open the compartment access panel and then slide the ladder to the carrying point. When multiple firefighters are required to carry the ladder, they stand on either side horizontally racked ladder and take their assigned location as the ladder is pulled out. Once the ladder is out, the firefighters can determine the carry they want to use.

43
Q

Duo-Safety Ladders…

A

Ladder beams are SOLID construction and smooth
The rungs are WELDED in placed
A thimble is located to protect the working end of the halyard
The halyard is tied to an anchor
Pulley has some movement
Generally lighter than Alco-Lite

44
Q

Alco-lite ladders…

A 
Ladders beams have I-BEAM construction
Rungs are PRESSED into place allowing replacement
Halyard tied directly to ladder rungs
Pulley has no movement
Generally heavier than Duo-Safety
45
Q

Ladder care, maintenance, and testing…
Proper care and inspection of the ladder should be performed on the first day at the start of the platoon’s tour. At a minimum, ladders must be cleaned the first Sunday of every month as per the “Cleaning and Care of Apparatus” procedure.

A

Ladders can be cleaned with a mild soapy solution with warm water and a brush.

If the dogs are “sticky” wash the contaminants out with Citrol and warm water. The dogs should then be lubricated with silicone spray.

46
Q

Extending a ladder (two section ladders) two clicks will extend the ladder 28 inches. Each “click” of the dog is 14”…

A

Extending a ladder (three section ladders) two clicks will extend the ladder 56 inches. Each “click” of the dog is 14”…

47
Q

What is the preferred knot to raise a ladder?

A

Figure 8 on a bight backed up with an over hand

48
Q

Ground ladder strategy and tactics… CFD Manual
There are two basic tactical positions for all ladders on fire ground operations. This position is based on the task being performed and overall size up and fire location.

The two positions are broken down as…

A

Offensive ladder position - This position involves having the ladder in a potentially hazardous area close to the fire location; this would include using a ladder for rescue, secondary means of egress, VEIS, horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation using a roof ladder, or hose steam placement. The ladder is close to the fire, and you are in a hazardous environment using the ladder to accomplish your task.

Defensive ladder position - This position can still be an offensive tactic. However, the ladder is placed in a position that allows you to start your task from an area of refuge. Examples would be mounting an interior attack from an adjacent apartment or hallway sheltered from fire, using ground ladder for access, or performing vertical ventilation walking on the roof, starting from an unburned position.

49
Q

Securing Ground Ladders…

What are the two methods for securing ground ladders? p334

A

Heeling

Tying in (at the top)

50
Q

What is the purpose of the reflective tape at the tips of the ladders?

A

For fast identification from inside a structure.

51
Q

Aside from smoothly and rhythmically, how should ladders be climbed in regards to your hands?

A

Grasp the rungs with the palms down and your thumbs beneath the rungs.

52
Q

For lengths of 35’ or less, reach is approximately 1’ less than the designated length.

A

For lengths over 35’, the reach is approximately 2 feet less than the designated length.

53
Q

What are two methods for securing a ladder?

A 
Tying if (off)
Heeling
54
Q

To bring victims down a ground ladder from a window, there must be…

A

Two firefighters inside the building, one or two on the ladder, and one heeling the ladder.

55
Q

When placing ladders, take advantage of strong points, such as corners, in building construction.

A
56
Q

When personnel are working on a roof or upper stories, there must be at least…

A

Two means of escape with at least two ladders at remote locations from each other.

57
Q

What is the modified cross-body method of assisting an unconscious victim down a ladder?

A

The victim is carried facing the ladder, rather than the firefighter.

58
Q

How to tie the halyard on ground ladders

A

Two half hitches

59
Q

Ladders 28’ or less weight rating and amount of operators

A

750Lbs and 2 people

60
Q

Ladders 35’ weight limit and amount of operators

A

750lbs and 3 people

61
Q

Angle of defensive ladder position (vertical ventilation and interior attack

A

75degree

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