CH4.3 Consciousness and 4.4 Conscious Altering Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

alterness

A

aware, awake, attentive, prepared to act or react

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2
Q

EEG when conscious

A

beta waves with high frequency

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3
Q

reticular formation

A

net like collection of dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine producing neurons in brain stem that project to prefrontal cortex

NE is also a sympathetic NS hormone

maintain circadian rythms and altertness

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4
Q

loss of signaling from reticular formation to prefrontal cortex can lead to

A

comatode state

but timed decreases allows you to sleep

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5
Q

frequencies of beta, alpha, theta, and delta waves in EEG

A

beta 16-31 Hz— alert
alpha 8-15 —
theta 4-7— irregular, start of sleep
alpha ——
delta 0.1-3

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6
Q

stages of sleep and EEG waves

A

initial theta waves 4-7 Hz which are slower and irregular

stage 1: creates sleep spindles (bundles of frequency)
stage 2: K complexes
stage 3: long slow delta waves, less frequend and lower amplitude
cognitive recovery, memory consolidation, growth hormone release, SWS
stage 4: beta waves, REM, increase in heart rate,

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7
Q

what kinds of memory are consolidated in SWS?

A

procedural and declarative memory

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8
Q

retina and pineal

A

retina light increase and decreases stimulates and inhibits the pineal gland to release melatonin

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9
Q

superchiasmatic nucleus

A

each of a pair of small nuclei in the hypothalamus of the brain, above the optic chiasma, thought to be concerned with the regulation of physiological circadian rhythms.

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10
Q

kinds of conscious altering drugs

A

depressants - inhibition (GABA), alcohol, barbituants, benzines, benzos
stimulants - increase dopamine and serotonin, anxiety, euphira, cocaine, amphetamines increase heart rate, appepite
opiates - endorphins, pain relief, morphine, heroin
hallucoinogens - serotinin pathways, reality distortion, sensation changes, LSD, ketamine

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11
Q

opioid types

A

natural (morphine, codeine)
semisynthetic (oxycodone, hydrocone, heroine)

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12
Q

methadone

A

long acting opiod with lower risk of overdose works with a competitive inhibition affect

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13
Q

LSD mechanisms

A

serotonin pathways?

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14
Q

tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can act on

A

cannabinoid receptors
glycine receptors
opiod receptors

inhibits GABA
decreases dopamine

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15
Q
A
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