Ch.4 Correct note cards! Flashcards
Cardiovascular or cardiovascular system
Heart and blood vessels
Digestive or gastrointestinal system
Mouth, tongue, pharynx, pancreas, esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, small and large intestine, rectum, anus
Endocrine system
Glands ex: hypothalamus, pancreas, testes, ovaries, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pineal, thymus gland
Immune system
Lymph vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, adenoids, appendix, blood vessels, bone marrow, tonsils
Integumentary system
Skin
Muscular system
Voluntary muscles, organs with muscle tissue for contraction and expansion (heart, bladder, lungs)
Neurological system
Brain and spinal cord
Reproductive system
Female: ovaries, uterus, vagina, fallopian tubes
Male: penis, testes, seminal vesicles, (prostate gland sometimes included)
Respiratory system
Nose, trachea, lungs
Urinary system
Kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra
Tissue
Hist/o/io
Tissue that forms skin or protective surface
Epitheli/o
Internal organs
Viscer/o
Gland
Glan/s
Muscles
Myo/mylo
Nerve
Neur/o
Striped or furrowed
Stria
Ribs; region of the ribs
Pleur (o,a)
Heart
Cardi (o,a)
Peritoneum or the lining of the abdominal cavity
Periton
Breadth or width
Ampl-
More than
Ample
Abundance, fullness, breadth, width
Amplitude
Short, small, brief
Brach-, Brevis-
Abnormal shortness of fingers and toes
Brachydactylia
Short neck
Brevicollis
Large, long, inclusive
Macr/o-
Abnormally large or long arm
Macrobrachia
Large
Mega/a/alo-
Enlarged or dilated colon
Megacolon
Small or very small
Micr/o
Very small erythrocyte
Microcyte
Small or lesser
Min-
The smallest size or amount possible
Minimal
Many
Multi-, Poly-
Referring to a woman who has been pregnant more than once
Miltiparity
Prescribing or use of multiple medications
Polypharmacy
All
Pan-
A cure for all illnesses or troubles
Panacea
One or single
Uni-
Only one base
Unibasal
Only, sole, singular
Mon/a/er/o-
Affecting one eye
Monocular
Two, twice, double
Bi-, di-
Involving both sides of the
Bilateral
Contains two oxygen molecules
Dioxide
Ten
Deca-
10 grams
Decagram
One tenth
Deci-
1/10 of a gram
Decigram
One thousand
Kilo
1000 grams
Kilogram
One thousandth
Mill/e/i/o-
1/1000 of a gram
Milligram
One half
Hemi-, semi-
Half a sphere
Hemisphere
Half a circle
Semicircle
Equal or same
Equi-
A state of balance which contending forces are equal
Equilibrium
Whole, complete, holistic, entire
Hol-
Muscle spasm of the entire body
Holotonia
Few, scant, not many
Oligo-
Condition of very low output of urine per day
Oliguria
Black
Melan/o-, mal/o-
Darkly pigmented tumor
Melanoma
Blue
Cyano-, liv-
Bluing of the lips 7 tissue from lack of )2
Cyanosis
Bluish skin discoloration from bruising
Lividity
Gray; ash color
Polio-
Destruction to brain gray matter
Polioclastic
Orange-yellow; red-yellow
Cirrho-, icter-
A disease of the liver that leads to yellow skin color and sclera of eyes
Cirrhosis
Jaundice (yellowing of skin and sclera)
Icterus
Red
Erythr/o-, Rub/e/o-, Rubr-, Sang/ui
Mature RBC
Erythrocyte
Measles that produce reddish rash
Rubella
Bloody
Sanguineous
Pale, sallow, ashen
Pall-
Pale or lacking color
Pallid
Purple
Porphyry-, purpr/purpureo-
Disorders of porphyrin metabolism causes purple rash
Porphyrias
Rash caused by leakage from blood cells into skin or mucous membrane causing purple bruise color
Purpura
White
Leuco/leuko-, Albu-
WBC
Leukocyte
Dz that depletes RBC and causes increase in WBC
Leukemia
Person affected by albinism dz (absence of skin pigment)
Albino
Yellow
Xantho-, flav-
Yellowing of skin excessive intake of yellow or orange food
Xanthosis
Viruses that include yellow fever, which can lead to jaundice
Flavivirus
Movement away from base or core
Ab-/ abduction
Movement back in toward the base or core
Ad-/ adduction
Opening or straightening of a limb or muscle
Ex-/extension
Bending or contraction of a limb or muscle
Flexion
A turning movement away from the center
E-/eversion
A turning movement inward toward the center
In-/ inversion
A circular movement of joint
Circumduction
A turning around an axis
Rotation
Lying flat on back arms at sides or above head
Supine or horizontal recumbent
Lying on the back with knees bent and feet flat on the bed
Dorsal recumbent
Lying on the stomach, head turned to side, arms at sides
Prone
Vertical or straight
Erect
Head and mid leg are elevated, allowing patient to partially sit up; knees elevated by bed or pillow
Fowler’s
Only head of bed is elevated
Semi-fowler’s
Lying on left side with right knee drawn up; left arm behind the body, right arm comfortably positioned
Sims’
Lying flat on the back with knees bent, legs separated, heels in stirrups at end of bed
Dorsal lithotomy
Rolled to one side with superior knee moderately flexed and superior elbow alongside front of the body; mouth faces slightly downward, chin slightly up
Lateral recumbent or recovery
Cover and protect internal organs and the external surface of the body. Form glands (structures that secrete chemicals to promote body processes)
Epithelial tissues
Variety of cell types. Connect organs and other tissues. Examples include bone marrow, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, nerves, and organs
Connective tissues
Aggregates of 3 types of neurons- motor, sensory, and interneurons. Each transmit and receive nerve impulses for a specific purpose
Nerve tissues
Designed to flex, contract, or move. Three categories: visceral, cardiac, and striated
Muscle tissue
