CH22 / HUMAN PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS

Question 1

The atmosphere contains the following gases:

Answer 1

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide, rest rare gases

Question 2

The volume percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere is 21% which

Answer 2

Is constant for all altitudes conventional airplanes can reach

Question 3

Oxygen, combined with hemoglobin in blood is transported by

Answer 3

Red blood cells

Question 4

One of the most dangerous symptoms of hypoxia concerning flight safety is:

Answer 4

Impaired judgement, disabling the pilot to recognise the symptoms

Question 5

One of the most frequent symptom(s) of decompression sickness emerging after a decompression in airline operation

Answer 5

Are the bends

Question 6

The cabin pressure in airline operation Is

Answer 6

Normally not exceeding 6000 to 8000 feet

Question 7

What is the Time of Useful Consciousness?

Answer 7

The length of time during which an individual can act with both mental and physical efficiency and alertness, measured from the moment at which he loses his available oxygen supply

Question 8

You can overcome hyperventilation by breathing into a plastic or paper bag.
The intention is:

Answer 8

To raise the level of CO2 in the blood as fast as possible

Question 9

Which phenomenon is common to hypoxia and hyperventilation?

Answer 9

Tingling sensations in arms or legs

Question 10

The risk of a barotrauma of the middle ear is more likely to occur

Answer 10

With colds and rapid descents

Question 11

The purpose of cabin pressurisation system is:

Answer 11

B and C are correct

B - Reduce gastrointestinal trapped gas-, middle ear and sinus problems.
C - To allow the crew and passengers to move about freely in a comfortable environment, unencumbered by oxygen masks or other life support equipment.

Question 12

Flickering light when reflected from spinning rotor blades

Answer 12

Can cause spatial disorientation and/or nausea, when looked at for a longer period of time

Question 13

Presbyopia is:

Answer 13

Far sightedness linked with age

Question 14

Scanning at night should be performed by:

Answer 14

Slight eye movement to the side of the object

Question 15

A pilot approaching a runway which is narrower than normal may feel he is at a greater height than he actually is. To compensate he may fly a

Answer 15

Flatter than normal approach with the tendency to undershoot

Question 16

Spatial disorientation will be most likely to occur during flight:

Answer 16

If the brain receives conflicting informations and the pilot does not believe the instruments

Question 17

Hypoxia will effect night vision: height

Answer 17

At 5000 ft.

Question 18

What is meant by the term Incapacitation?

Answer 18

The gradual or sudden loss of a crew members ability to function

Question 19

In the short-term-memory, information is stored for approximately

Answer 19

20 seconds

Question 20

Concerning the relation between performance and stress, which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

Answer 20

A moderate level of stress may improve performance

Question 21

The main preoccupation in modem airline operations should be:

Answer 21

Maximum utilisation of resources

Question 22

The elements of the SHEL model are:

Answer 22

Shareware, hardware, education and limitations

Question 23

The rate and depth of breathing Is primary regulated by the concentration of:

Answer 23

carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 24

Pulse rate is influenced by the following factors:

1. Adrenalin 2. Cortisol 3. Physical exercise.

Answer 24

1,3 are correct, 2 is false

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true? Stress

Answer 25

Stressors accumulate thus increasing the likelihood to exhaustion

Question 26

Motor programmes are:

Answer 26

stored routines that enable patterns of behaviour to be executed without continuous conscious control

Question 27

What optimises crew co-operation?

1. Sharing and common task
2. Confidence in each others capability
3. Precise definition of functions associated with each crew members role

Answer 27

1,2,3

Question 28

What should a pilot do to keep his night vision (scotopic vision)?

Answer 28

Not smoke before start and during flight and avoid flash blindness

Question 29

Between which components is an interface mismatch causing stress due to poor cockpit design, thus leading to reduced human performance?

Answer 29

Liveware - Hardware

Question 30

Which of the following sentences concerning crew performance is correct? ( crew performance)

Answer 30

The quality of crew-performance depends on the practice done to improve reliability.

Question 31

Pilots are more easily inclined to make mistakes when:

Answer 31

they are not able to assess and control the risks involved in a situation

Question 32

Low levels of arousal are:

Answer 32

not good on final approach

Question 33

The amount of light which strikes the retina is controlled by:

Answer 33

the pupil

Question 34

Which of the following statements in regard to motivation is correct?

Answer 34

The learning process is vastly improved with motivation

Question 35

Five hours after a rapid decompression at FL 320 you experience pain in the joints. Which of following answers is correct?

Answer 35

You should ask for medical advice (flight surgeon) since this is a symptom of decompression sickness.

Question 36

A high degree of cockpit automation may alter the traditional tasks of the pilots in a way, that

Answer 36

the attention of the cockpit crew will become reduced with the cockpit crew being out of the loop’.

Question 37

Long-term memory is an essential component of the pilot’s knowledge and expertise.

Answer 37

It is desirable to pre-activate knowledge stored in long-term memory to have it available when required

Question 38

The human information processing system is highly efficient compared to computers because of its

Answer 38

flexibility

Question 39

What are easily observable indications of stress?

Answer 39

Perspiration, flushed skin, dilated pupils, fast breathing

Question 40

CRM (Crew Resource Management) training is:

Answer 40

intended to develop effectiveness of crew performance by improving attitudes towards flight safety and human relationship management

Question 41

As a result of automation in cockpits,

Answer 41

communication and coordination call for an even greater effort on the part of the crew members

Question 42

Which statement is correct?

Answer 42

Oxygen diffusion from the blood into the cells depends on their partial oxygen pressure gradient.

Question 43

A pilot after pulling out of a steep dive, moves the control column instinctively and firmly forward may suffer a:

Answer 43

Red Out

Question 44

A pilot has flown an aircraft as a Captain for 1000 hrs. With what phase of motor programme he can be associated with?

Answer 44

Automatic

Question 45

Too low a workload can:

Answer 45

Degrade performance