CH22 / HUMAN PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS Flashcards
The atmosphere contains the following gases:
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide, rest rare gases
The volume percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere is 21% which
Is constant for all altitudes conventional airplanes can reach
Oxygen, combined with hemoglobin in blood is transported by
Red blood cells
One of the most dangerous symptoms of hypoxia concerning flight safety is:
Impaired judgement, disabling the pilot to recognise the symptoms
One of the most frequent symptom(s) of decompression sickness emerging after a decompression in airline operation
Are the bends
The cabin pressure in airline operation Is
Normally not exceeding 6000 to 8000 feet
What is the Time of Useful Consciousness?
The length of time during which an individual can act with both mental and physical efficiency and alertness, measured from the moment at which he loses his available oxygen supply
You can overcome hyperventilation by breathing into a plastic or paper bag.
The intention is:
To raise the level of CO2 in the blood as fast as possible
Which phenomenon is common to hypoxia and hyperventilation?
Tingling sensations in arms or legs
The risk of a barotrauma of the middle ear is more likely to occur
With colds and rapid descents
The purpose of cabin pressurisation system is:
B and C are correct
B - Reduce gastrointestinal trapped gas-, middle ear and sinus problems.
C - To allow the crew and passengers to move about freely in a comfortable environment, unencumbered by oxygen masks or other life support equipment.
Flickering light when reflected from spinning rotor blades
Can cause spatial disorientation and/or nausea, when looked at for a longer period of time
Presbyopia is:
Far sightedness linked with age
Scanning at night should be performed by:
Slight eye movement to the side of the object
A pilot approaching a runway which is narrower than normal may feel he is at a greater height than he actually is. To compensate he may fly a
Flatter than normal approach with the tendency to undershoot
Spatial disorientation will be most likely to occur during flight:
If the brain receives conflicting informations and the pilot does not believe the instruments
Hypoxia will effect night vision: height
At 5000 ft.
What is meant by the term Incapacitation?
The gradual or sudden loss of a crew members ability to function
In the short-term-memory, information is stored for approximately
20 seconds
Concerning the relation between performance and stress, which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
A moderate level of stress may improve performance
The main preoccupation in modem airline operations should be:
Maximum utilisation of resources
The elements of the SHEL model are:
Shareware, hardware, education and limitations
The rate and depth of breathing Is primary regulated by the concentration of:
carbon dioxide in the blood
Pulse rate is influenced by the following factors:
- Adrenalin 2. Cortisol 3. Physical exercise.
1,3 are correct, 2 is false
Which of the following statements is true? Stress
Stressors accumulate thus increasing the likelihood to exhaustion
Motor programmes are:
stored routines that enable patterns of behaviour to be executed without continuous conscious control
What optimises crew co-operation?
- Sharing and common task
- Confidence in each others capability
- Precise definition of functions associated with each crew members role
1,2,3
What should a pilot do to keep his night vision (scotopic vision)?
Not smoke before start and during flight and avoid flash blindness
Between which components is an interface mismatch causing stress due to poor cockpit design, thus leading to reduced human performance?
Liveware - Hardware
Which of the following sentences concerning crew performance is correct? ( crew performance)
The quality of crew-performance depends on the practice done to improve reliability.
Pilots are more easily inclined to make mistakes when:
they are not able to assess and control the risks involved in a situation
Low levels of arousal are:
not good on final approach
The amount of light which strikes the retina is controlled by:
the pupil
Which of the following statements in regard to motivation is correct?
The learning process is vastly improved with motivation
Five hours after a rapid decompression at FL 320 you experience pain in the joints. Which of following answers is correct?
You should ask for medical advice (flight surgeon) since this is a symptom of decompression sickness.
A high degree of cockpit automation may alter the traditional tasks of the pilots in a way, that
the attention of the cockpit crew will become reduced with the cockpit crew being out of the loop’.
Long-term memory is an essential component of the pilot’s knowledge and expertise.
It is desirable to pre-activate knowledge stored in long-term memory to have it available when required
The human information processing system is highly efficient compared to computers because of its
flexibility
What are easily observable indications of stress?
Perspiration, flushed skin, dilated pupils, fast breathing
CRM (Crew Resource Management) training is:
intended to develop effectiveness of crew performance by improving attitudes towards flight safety and human relationship management
As a result of automation in cockpits,
communication and coordination call for an even greater effort on the part of the crew members
Which statement is correct?
Oxygen diffusion from the blood into the cells depends on their partial oxygen pressure gradient.
A pilot after pulling out of a steep dive, moves the control column instinctively and firmly forward may suffer a:
Red Out
A pilot has flown an aircraft as a Captain for 1000 hrs. With what phase of motor programme he can be associated with?
Automatic
Too low a workload can:
Degrade performance
