CH20 visceromotor (autonomic) nervous system Flashcards
Which tissue is not innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
a. Sweat glands
b. Stomach
c. Heart
d. Bladder
e. Cerebrum
e. Cerebrum
Which region of the hypothalamus controls the visceral motor system?
a. Paraventricular nucleus
b. Medial preoptic nucleus
c. Supraoptic nucleus
d. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
e. Ventromedial nucleus
a. Paraventricular nucleus
How do parasympathetic ganglia differ from sympathetic ganglia?
a. Sympathetic ganglia are located near the target organs; parasympathetic ganglia are located near the spinal cord.
b. Sympathetic ganglion neurons have more extensive dendritic branching than parasympathetic ganglion neurons.
c. Sympathetic ganglion neurons are innervated by only a few preganglionic neurons; parasympathetic ganglion neurons are innervated by many preganglionic neurons.
d. Sympathetic ganglia innervate fewer target organs than parasympathetic ganglia.
e. Parasympathetic ganglion neurons have a more diverse set of inputs than sympathetic ganglion neurons.
b. Sympathetic ganglion neurons have more extensive dendritic branching than parasympathetic ganglion neurons.
Which structure(s) in the visceral motor system is(are) responsible for coordinating rhythmical contraction of muscle to move contents through the gastrointestinal tract?
a. Submucous plexus
b. Stellate ganglia
c. Myenteric plexus
d. Celiac ganglia
e. Nucleus of the solitary tract
c. Myenteric plexus
During activation of the parasympathetic nervous system
a. the pupils constrict.
b. the blood vessels in the skin constrict.
c. there is an increase in heart output.
d. the bronchi dilate.
e. piloerection occurs.
a. the pupils constrict.
Which action is not a function of the hypothalamus?
a. Regulation of blood flow and composition
b. Regulation of the autonomic nervous system
c. Release of hormones from the pituitary
d. Response to sexually arousing stimuli
e. Rapid sensorimotor control of movement
e. Rapid sensorimotor control of movement
Damage to which region of the hypothalamus would alter regulation of appetite?
a. Ventrolateral and anterior hypothalamus
b. Anterior pituitary
c. Cervical sympathetic ganglion
d. Edinger-Westphal nucleus
e. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
a. Ventrolateral and anterior hypothalamus
The postganglionic sympathetic neuron releases _______ onto its target organs, whereas the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons release _______ onto its target organs.
a. acetylcholine; norepinephrine
b. norepinephrine; serotonin
c. acetylcholine; serotonin
d. norepinephrine; acetylcholine
e. norepinephrine; dopamine
d. norepinephrine; acetylcholine
The cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in
a. the dorsal column nuclei in the brainstem.
b. the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord.
c. the dorsal root ganglia.
d. small neuronal clusters situated outside of target organs such as the intestines and kidney.
e. the pituitary.
b. the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord.
Which structure(s) receive(s) hunger-related peptide signals from both the stomach and adipose tissues?
a. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
b. Ventrolateral and anterior hypothalamic nuclei
c. Periventricular nucleus
d. Posterior pituitary
e. Gastrosatiety nucleus
b. Ventrolateral and anterior hypothalamic nuclei
An experimental animal is treated with a drug that lowers blood pressure by blocking synaptic transmission only in autonomic ganglia. This drug is most likely a(n)
a. muscarinic receptor agonist.
b. α-adrenergic receptor agonist.
c. β-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
d. GABA receptor antagonist.
e. nicotinic receptor antagonist.
e. nicotinic receptor antagonist.
Which statement about the baroreceptor reflex is false?
a. It involves regulation of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
b. It can produce a coordinated increase in heart rate and strength of cardiac muscle contraction.
c. Activation of the reflex causes orthostatic hypotension.
d. A drop in blood pressure can stimulate the release of adrenaline from the adrenal gland.
e. Baroreceptor signals are relayed via the nucleus of the solitary tract to autonomic centers in the reticular formation.
c. Activation of the reflex causes orthostatic hypotension.
In a healthy individual, which response occurs to prevent fainting as a result of orthostatic hypotension?
a. Decrease in parasympathetic activity in the vagus nerve
b. Decrease in sympathetic activity in the thoracic spinal cord
c. Increase in parasympathetic activity in the vagus nerve
d. Increase in sympathetic activity in the vagus nerve
e. Increase in parasympathetic activity in the thoracic spinal cord
a. Decrease in parasympathetic activity in the vagus nerve
What type of sensory receptors are necessary for the proper regulation of cardiovascular function?
a. Chemoreceptors
b. Baroreceptors and thermoreceptors
c. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
d. Nociceptors and thermoreceptors
e. Baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and thermoreceptors
c. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
Baroreceptor activation in response to a rise in blood pressure
a. activates neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract.
b. stimulates tonic activity in sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the upper thoracic spinal cord.
c. stimulates parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
d. is unaffected by damage to the cardiac plexus.
e. is less influential than information from carotid chemoreceptors.
a. activates neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract.
