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HHP 1100 Terms > Ch20 (Endocrine System) > Flashcards

Ch20 (Endocrine System) Flashcards

1
Q

these are ductless and allow hormones to travel through bloodstream

A

endocrine glands

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2
Q

a ____ can only affect organs that have receptors for it specifically

A

hormone

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3
Q

this type of loop will turn down secretion of hormones as the levels get high

A

negative feedback

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4
Q

this type of loop senses oxytocin levels increasing, which increases contraction from the uterus and more oxytocin is secreted

A

positive feedback

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5
Q

_____ is a major control center of the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus

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6
Q

name the three functions of the hypothalamus

A

(1) secretes regulatory hormones that control the release of anterior pituitary hormones, (2) produces oxytocin & antidiuretic hormones, (3) controls the simulation of the adrenal gland medulla

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7
Q

this gland is attached via infundibulum, housed in sella turcica of sphenoid bone, and divided into anterior & posterior lobes

A

pituitary gland or hypophysis gland

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8
Q

this gland secrets many hormones and is highly vascular

A

anterior pituitary gland or adenohypophysis

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9
Q

_____ act on other endocrine glands

A

tropic hormones

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10
Q

this hormone promotes growth & development of all body parts during stages of growth

A

growth hormone (GH)thi

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11
Q

this hormone promotes gamete production & stimulates estrogen production

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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12
Q

this hormone stimulates sex hormone secretion

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

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13
Q

this hormone stimulated secretion of thyroid hormones

A

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

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14
Q

this hormone regulates secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

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15
Q

this hormone stimulates milk production

A

prolactin (PRL)

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16
Q

this hormone is a body’s natural painkillers

A

endorphins

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17
Q

________ is the hyposecretion of growth hormones during childhood

A

pituitary dwarfism

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18
Q

________ is the hypersecretion of growth hormones during childhood

A

gigantism

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19
Q

________ is the hypersecretion of growth hormones during adulthood

A

acromegaly

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20
Q

hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus are stored in the _______

A

posterior pituitary gland

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21
Q

this hormone reduces fluid loss through urine

A

antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin

22
Q

this hormone induces contraction of uterine muscles during childbirth

A

oxytocin

23
Q

this gland is a small, cone-shaped body in the posterior epithalamus, and secretes melatonin

A

pineal gland

24
Q

this gland is butterfly-shaped and secrets calcitonin and thyroxine

A

thyroid gland

25
Q

_____ lowers blood calcium levels

A

calcitonin

26
Q

_____ regulates digestion, heart & muscle function & brain development

A

thryoxine

27
Q

this condition is a cause of the thyroid gland not working properly or a lack of iodine

A

hypothyroidism

28
Q

this condition is hyposecretion during the first months of life

A

cretinism

29
Q

this condition is caused by hypersecretion of the thyroid hormone, can be caused by graves disease

A

hyperthyroidism

30
Q

these are small glands on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland

A

parathyroid glands

31
Q

these hormones raise blood calcium levels if they get too low

A

parathyroid hormones (PTH)

32
Q

two pairs of hormones having opposite effects but work together to maintain homeostasis

A

antagonistic hormones

33
Q

the ____ secrets thymosin and is larger in infants/children than adults

A

thymus

34
Q

this hormone helps develop mature T cells (immune function)

A

thymosins

35
Q

these glands sit on the superior borders of the kidneys

A

adrenal glands

36
Q

this cortex is an outer part on the adrenal glands and produces 3 types of corticosteroid hormones

A

adrenal cortex

37
Q

this cortex is an inner part of the adrenal gland and secretes fight or flight hormones

A

adrenal medulla

38
Q

this hormone influences mineral balance

A

aldosterone/mineralocorticoids

39
Q

this hormone reduces inflammation

A

cortisol/glucocorticoids

40
Q

this hormone contributes to the development of male sex characteristics

A

androgens/gonadcorticoids

41
Q

these two hormones are the fight or flight response for the sympathetic nervous system

A

norepinephrine & epinephrine

42
Q

this organ secretes insulin and glucagon

A

pancreas

43
Q

this hormone lowers blood sugar levels if they are too high

A

insulin

44
Q

this hormone raises blood sugar levels if they get too low

A

glucagon

45
Q

this condition is a lack of insulin secretion and is an early onset

A

Type 1 diabetes

46
Q

this condition is normal or increased insulin secretion but reduced sensitivity of insulin target cells, late onset

A

Type 2 diabetes

47
Q

the ____ produces sex hormones & germ cells

A

gonads

48
Q

this hormone promotes breast development & menstrual cycke

A

estrogen

49
Q

this hormone maintains lining of uterus during pregnancy

A

progesterone

50
Q

this organ produces androgens such as testosterone

A

testes

HHP 1100 Terms (15 decks)

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