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HHP 1100 Terms > 28 A (Female Reproductive System) > Flashcards

28 A (Female Reproductive System) Flashcards

1
Q

both female & males have primary sex organs called

A

gonads

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2
Q

how are the gonads differed by sex?

A

females have ovaries, males have testes

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3
Q

gonads produce sex cells called

A

gametes

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4
Q

what is different about the gametes produced by sex?

A

females produce oocytes, males produce sperm

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5
Q

what sex hormones do females product?

A

estrogen & progesterone

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6
Q

what sex hormones do males produce?

A

testosterone

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7
Q

this transports gametes from gonads to sites of ferritization

A

ducts

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8
Q

describe the structure of the ovaries

A

paired, oval organs, slightly larger than an almond

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9
Q

what are the functions of ovaries?

A

(1) oocyte (gamete) maturation & release
(2) sex hormone secretion (estrogen & progesterone)

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10
Q

this structure is anchored within the pelvic cavity by cords & sheets of CT

A

supporting tissues

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11
Q

list the types of supporting tissues

A

(1) broad ligament
(2) ovarian ligament
(3) suspensory ligament

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12
Q

peritoneum draping uterus

A

broad ligament

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13
Q

anchors ovary to lateral uterus

A

ovarian ligament

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14
Q

attaches lateral ovary to pelvic wall

A

suspensory ligament

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15
Q

within the ovary’s cortex (outer region), there are thousands of what?

A

ovarian follicles

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16
Q

what is an ovarian follicle?

A

a follicle consisting of an oocyte surrounded by follicle cells

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17
Q

this structure extends laterally from both sides of the uterus towards ovaries

A

uterine tubes

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18
Q

where are oocytes usually fertilized?

A

in the lateral part of the uterine tube

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19
Q

what are the regions of the uterine tube?

A

(1) infundibulum
(2) ampulla
(3) isthmus

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20
Q

funnel-shaped lateral margin of the uterine tube

A

infundibulum

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21
Q

what are the fingerlike projections of the infundibulum called?

A

fimbriae

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22
Q

expanded region medial to infundibulum

A

ampulla

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23
Q

what part of the uterine tube does fertilization typically occur?

A

ampulla

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24
Q

medial to the ampulla & represents ~ 1/3 of entire length of uterine tube

A

isthmus

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25
Q

pear-shaped, thick-walled muscular organ within the pelvic cavity

A

uterus

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26
Q

inner space/cavity of the uterus

A

lumen

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27
Q

lumen is continuous with the uterine tubes in what way?

A

superolaterally

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28
Q

lumen is continuous with the vagina in what way?

A

inferiorly

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29
Q

what are functions of the uterus?

A

(1) site of implantation
(2) supports/protects developing embryo/fetus
(3) ejects fetus during labor

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30
Q

what are the main regions of the uterus? list them as superior to inferior.

A

(1) fundus
(2) body
(3) isthmus
(4) cervix

31
Q

this region of the uterus is the superior dome

A

fundus

32
Q

this region of the uterus is a major part with thick walls

A

body

33
Q

this region of the uterus is a constricted segment between the body & cervix

A

isthmus

34
Q

this region of the uterus is the narrow, inferior part projecting into the vagina

A

cervix

35
Q

what are the layers of the uterine wall? list them from superficial to deep

A

(1) perimetrium
(2) myometrium
(3) endometrium

36
Q

superficial layer of the uterine wall

A

perimetrium

37
Q

thick, muscular layer of the uterine wall

A

myometrium

38
Q

what type of muscle makes up the myometrium layer?

A

smooth muscle

39
Q

mucosa layer of the uterine wall that secretes mucus

A

endometrium

40
Q

what are the two layers within the endometrium?

A

basal & functional layer

41
Q

this layer is adjacent to myometrium

A

basal layer

42
Q

this layer changes thickness during the uterine cycle & is shed as menses if fertilization/implantation don’t occur

A

functional layer

43
Q

this structure is a tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body

A

da coochie

44
Q

the opening of the vagina

A

vaginal orifice

45
Q

near the opening of the vagina, what do the folds of the mucosa form?

A

a membranous barrier called the hymen

46
Q

subcutaneous connective tissue immediately anterior to pubic symphysis

A

mons pubis

47
Q

paired, thickened folds of skin

A

labia majora

48
Q

what are traits associated with the labia majora?

A

(1) it is covered with hair
(2) homologous to the scrotum

49
Q

paired folds medial to the labia majora

A

labia minora

50
Q

compared to the labia majora, the labia minora is

A

devoid of hair

51
Q

space between the labia minora is called

A

the vestibule

52
Q

within the vestibule rests what structures?

A

urethral opening & vaginal orifice

53
Q

this structure is a small erectile body

A

da clitoris

54
Q

where is the clitoris located?

A

at anterior regions of labia minora

55
Q

what forms the body of the clitoris?

A

two small erectile bodies called corpora cavernosa

56
Q

what caps the body of the clitoris?

A

the glans

57
Q

an external fold of the labia minora

A

the prepuce

58
Q

what does the prepuce do?

A

it forms a hoodlike cover for the clitoris

59
Q

compound exocrine gland that produces/secretes milk

A

mammary gland

60
Q

cylindrical projection of the breast

A

the nipple

61
Q

what does the nipple contain?

A

multiple openings from internal secretory ducts

62
Q

pigmented ring of skin surrounding the nipple

A

the areola

63
Q

bands of CT that support the breast

A

suspensory ligaments

64
Q

how do suspensory ligaments support the breast?

A

it attaches its skin to the deep fascia of the pectoralis major muscle

65
Q

mammary glands are divided into ____, which are further divided into _____

A

lobes, lobules

66
Q

what do lobules contain?

A

secretory units called alveoli

67
Q

what does alveoli do?

A

produces milk

68
Q

where does milk produced from the alveoli go?

A

it drains into lactiferous ducts

69
Q

expansions of the ducts as they approach the nipple

A

lactiferous sinuses

70
Q

these are benign tumors that arise in the myometrium

A

uterine fibroids

71
Q

what are symptoms of uterine fibroids?

A

(1) abdominal pain
(2) heavy menstrual bleeding
(3) urinary incontinence

72
Q

what is a hysterectomy?

A

surgical procedure that removes the uterus

73
Q

this condition that causes the endometrium to grow outside the uterus

A

endometriosis

74
Q

what causes endometriosis?

A

retrograde menstruation

HHP 1100 Terms (15 decks)

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