Ch 21 (Blood)

Question 1

name the three components of whole blood revealed via centrifugation

Answer 1

erythrocytes, buffy coat, plasma

Question 2

percentage of volume of all formed elements in the blood

Answer 2

hematocrit

Question 3

what is plasma mostly made of?

Answer 3

water

Question 4

_______ transports respiratory gases

Answer 4

erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Question 5

______ sends immune responses against pathogens

Answer 5

leukocytes (white blood cells)

Question 6

______ is the production of formed elements that occurs in red marrow

Answer 6

hemopoiesis/hematopoiesis

Question 7

what shape are red blood cells?

Answer 7

biconcave disks

Question 8

where are red blood cells only found?

Answer 8

blood vessels

Question 9

____ is a term that refers to red blood cells lining up as they pass through small blood vessels

Answer 9

rouleau

Question 10

_____ transports oxygen & carbon dioxide

Answer 10

hemoglobin

Question 11

this is a condition of low hematocrit/below normal O2 carrying capacity of blood

Answer 11

anemia

Question 12

this condition is when red blood cells are destroyed faster than bone marrow can produce

Answer 12

hemolytic anemia

Question 13

this condition is a result of not enough blood cells due to a lack of B12

Answer 13

pernicious anemia

Question 14

this condition is a result of high number of red blood cells, commonly seen in athletes & people who live in high altitudes

Answer 14

polycythemia

Question 15

this condition changes the shape of red blood cells and can affect blood flow; is hereditary

Answer 15

sickle cell disease

Question 16

______ has a nucleus & organelle, are larger than RBC, and start immune responses and defend the body against pathogens

Answer 16

leukocytes (white blood cells)

Question 17

where can white blood cells be found?

Answer 17

blood vessels, lymph, and tissue fluid

Question 18

name the two classes of white blood cells

Answer 18

granulocytes & agranulocytes

Question 19

name the three kinds of granulocytes

Answer 19

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 20

name the three kinds of agranulocytes

Answer 20

monocytes, T & B lymphocytes

Question 21

these white blood cells are the first to appear in an infection, and phagocytize bacteria

Answer 21

neutrophils

Question 22

these white blood cells protect against infections by parasitic worms, and increase in numbers during allergic reactions

Answer 22

eosinophils

Question 23

these white blood cells release histamines in damaged tissue

Answer 23

basophils

Question 24

these white blood cells kill infected cells or cancer cells

Answer 24

T lymphocytes

Question 25

these white blood cells product antibodies against specific antigens and deactify toxins

Answer 25

B lympocytes

Question 26

these white blood cells are very mobile & phagocytotic for viruses & bacteria

Answer 26

monocytes

Question 27

this condition is a cancer that causes overproduction of abnormal WBC, and cause organs to lose their function

Answer 27

leukemia

Question 28

_____ are small, irregular membrane-enclosed cell fragments involved in blood clotting

Answer 28

platelets

Question 29

this condition can negatively affect the flow of blood, and can cause a stroke or heart attack if dislodged

Answer 29

blood clot or thrombus