Ch.1Intro To Resp Pharm Flashcards
What is pharmacology?
The study of the drugs origins, properties and interactions with living organisms
How are drugs named?
Drugs are named after chemical name, code name, official name, generic name and trade(brand) names
What are the 3 sources of drugs?
Animal, plant and minerals
What is orphan drugs?
Drugs used for rare diseases, which won’t recover the cost development.
What are the phases for drug approval in the U.S?
Phase 1. Investigate in small groups to establish its activities.
Phase 2. Drug is investigated as a treatment
Phase 3. Investigated in large multi-center studies to establish efficacy and safety
What are the related drug groups in Respiratory Care
- Neuromuscular blocking agents
- Antiinfective agents
- Central nervous system agents
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- Antihypertensive and antianginal agents
- Anticoagulant and thrombolytic agents
What’s the difference between prescription drugs and over the counter (OTC) drugs
Prescriptions usually have a higher dosage with a description of how to take it AND must be ordered by a health care worker.
OTC is a lower dosage and can be accessed without a prescription. However it can be hazardous if their effects are not understood.
BID
Twice daily
AC
Before a meal
SIG
Write
Rx
Take
Ung
Ointment
PO
Per os ( by mouth)
PC
After meals
What is the therapeutic purpose for Adrenergics ( aerosolized med)?
Reduce airway resistance and to improve ventilatory flow rates. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation.
What is the therapeutic purpose of Anticholinergic ( aerosolized med)?
Improve ventilatory flow rates in COPD and asthma. Relaxation of cholinergically induced bronchoconstriction.
What is the therapeutic purpose of Mucoactive agents (aerosolized med)?
Reduces viscosity and promotes clearance of secretions.
What is the therapeutic purpose of Corticosteroids (aerosolized med)?
Reduces and controls airway inflammatory response, usually associated with asthma, seasonal or chronic rhinitis.
What is the therapeutic purpose of Antiasthmatic agents (aerosolized med)?
Prevents onset and development of the asthmatic response through inhibition of chemical mediators or inflammation
What is the therapeutic purpose of Antiinfective agents (aerosolized med)?
Inhibition or eradication of specific infective agents
What is the therapeutic purpose of Exogenous surfactants (aerosolized med)?
Restores normal lung compliance in RDS of newborns
What are the five advantages of aerosolized agents?
- Smaller dose
- Fewer side effects
- Rapid onset
- Targets respiratory system
- Painless, relatively safe
What is the Alphanumeric coding system of FDA for new drugs?
- New chemical entity
- New salt form
- New dosage form
- New combination
- Generic drug
- New indication
What is written on a prescription?
- Patients name, address and date
- Rx: Direction to take
- Inscription: name and quantity of drug
- Subscription: when it’s needed
- Sig (signa): pharmacist writes info to instruct patient
- Name of prescriber
What does pharmacognosy mean
The identification of sources for drugs, from plants animals and minerals
What does pharmacogenetics mean
The study of the interrelationship of genetic differences and drug effects
Define Therapeutics
Treating diseases with drugs
Toxicology
Study of toxic substances and their pharmacological actions
What can be used in a detailed part of a prescription e.g language
Latin, English metric and apothecary measures
What are the official sources to find drug information
-Untied states pharmacopeia-national formulary (UNP-NF)
-physicians desk reference (PDR)
- Goodman & Gilmans The pharmacological basis of therapeutics
- Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
-Drug facts and comparisons
