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Personality Psych > Ch.10 - Basis of Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Ch.10 - Basis of Psychoanalysis Flashcards

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1
Q

Freud

A
  • Austrian neurologist who became fascinated with studying hysteria
  • had a huge impact on psychology
  • created the foundation for psychodynamic therapy
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2
Q

Free Association

A

• free flowing, uncensored talking that provides clues to unconscious material

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3
Q

Psychoanalysis

A
  • suggests that psychological issues are the result of unconscious processes
  • bringing unpleasant unconscious thoughts into the consciousness
  • talking therapy - talking will help clarify things that bother us
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4
Q

Four Key Ideas of Psychodynamic Theory

A
  • internal structure
  • mental energy
  • psychic conflict
  • psychic determinism
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5
Q

Internal Structure

A
  • Id: primitive drives and emotions, pleasure
  • Ego: balanced Id and Superego, reality
  • Superego: Internalized social norms, morality
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6
Q

Mental Energy

A
  • referred to as libido
  • amount of energy is fixed and finite
  • motivated unconscious, material can leak into thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
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7
Q

Psychic Conflict

A
  • mind can conflict with itself

* compromise formation: ego’s main purpose, conscious thought and behavior

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8
Q

Psychic Determinism

A
  • argues that there are no accidents, there is a reason behind every act, thought, and feeling
  • everything we do is an expression of the mind
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9
Q

Id

A

• primitive drives and emotions, pleasure

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10
Q

Ego

A

Balances the Id, Superego, and reality

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11
Q

Fixation

A

Persistence of sexual traits, attachments to people or things stemming from childhood

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12
Q

Libido

A

Instinctual physiological energy associated with sexual urges

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13
Q

Thanatos

A
  • self destructive behavior linked to the death instinct

* implies that some part of humans desires death

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14
Q

Psychosexual Stages

A
  • Oral
  • Anal
  • Phallic
  • Latency
  • Genital
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15
Q

Oral

A
  • birth to 18 months
  • focuses on the mouth, lips, and tongue
  • Id develops
  • dependency, passivity
  • adult character: dependent or overly independent
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16
Q

Anal

A
  • 18 months to 3.5 years
  • anus and organs of elimination
  • ego develops
  • obedience and self control
  • adult character: obedient and obsessed with order, or anti authority and chaotic
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17
Q

Phallic

A
  • 3.5 - 7 years
  • sexual organs
  • superego develops
  • gender identity and sexuality
  • adult character: over or undersexualized
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18
Q

Latency

A
  • 7 years to puberty
  • learning and cognitive development
  • little development, according to Freud
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19
Q

Genital

A
  • puberty through adulthood
  • sexuality in the context of a mature relationships
  • Id, ego, and superego are balanced
  • creation and enhancement of life
  • adult character: a mature adult (rare)
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20
Q

Identification

A

A process where a person unconsciously tries to pattern themselves after another
• aids superego development

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21
Q

Primary Process Thinking

A

Without thinking about logical rules of conscious thought or anchor in reality
• part of the Id

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22
Q

Wish Fulfillment

A

Something unavailable is conjured up and the image of it is temporarily satisfying
• part of the Id

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23
Q

Secondary Process Thinking

A

Developing and devising of strategies for problem solving and obtaining satisfaction
• part of the ego

24
Q

Pleasure Principle

A

Desire for immediate gratification

25
Q

Reality Principle

A

Constrains the Id to reality, part of the ego

26
Q

Topographic Model in Psychoanalysis

A

States that the human mind consists of 3 parts
• conscious
• preconscious
• unconscious

27
Q

Conscious

A

Contains thoughts, feelings, and images about which you are presently aware

28
Q

Preconscious

A

Contains information you are not presently thinking of, but can be easily retrieved

29
Q

Unconscious

A

Largest part of the human mind, cannot be readily retrieved

30
Q

Parapraxis

A

Slips that come from the unconscious mind, in the form of mistakes, accidents, omissions, or memory lapses

31
Q

Objective Anxiety

A

Occurs in response to a real, external threat to a person

32
Q

Neurotic Anxiety

A

Occurs when there is direct conflict between Id and Ego

33
Q

Moral Anxiety

A

Conflict between ego and superego

34
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A
  • ego processes that distort reality to protect the individual from anxiety
  • prevents threatening unconscious material from reaching consciousness
35
Q

Repression

A

• pushes threatening thoughts and ideas into the unconscious

36
Q

Denial

A

• refusal to acknowledge anxiety provoking stimuli

37
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Claiming to feel strongly opposite of what one truly feels

38
Q

Rationalization

A

• creating logical, socially acceptable explanations for behaviors which were actually driven by impulse

39
Q

Intellectualization

A

Translates a threatening situation into cold, intellectual terms

40
Q

Displacement

A

Shifting one’s unconscious negativity towards a safer target

41
Q

Projection

A

Attributing anxiety provoking impulses or thoughts to others

42
Q

Sublimation

A

Channeling Id desires into positive, socially acceptable outlets

43
Q

Projective Techniques

A
  • person is presented with a series of ambiguous stimuli
  • Rorschach tests
  • thematic apperception test (TAT)
44
Q

Rorschach Inkblot

A
  • patient is presented with an inkblot stimulus

* interpretation is supposed to reveal the unconscious

45
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A
  • an ambiguous image is shown

* patient’s interpretation reveals the subconscious mind

46
Q

Catharsis

A

Bringing unpleasant unconscious thoughts into the consciousness

47
Q

Freudian Slips

A

Mistakes of the tongue that we make in everyday speech, often embarrassing, and are thought to reflect unconscious thoughts or wishes

48
Q

Dream Analysis

A
  • technique of analyzing dreams, based on the assumption that dreams have hidden meanings
  • symbols provide clues to unconscious thoughts and desires
  • manifest content and latent content
49
Q

Manifest Content

A

The obvious plot or story of a dream

50
Q

Latent Content

A

Dream’s hidden or disguised meanings or symbols

51
Q

Resistance

A

Opposition to therapist when uncovering threatening, anxiety provoking stimuli

52
Q

Transference

A

People attaching feelings towards important people in their own lives on to their therapist

53
Q

Countertransference

A

The conscious or unconscious views the therapist holds towards the client

54
Q

Criticisms of Freud’s Theories

A
  • excessive complexity and depth
  • case study method isn’t generalizable
  • high likelihood of bias
  • concepts not defined in terms of operational definitions
  • untestable
55
Q

Psychic Conflict

A
  • may not be conscious conflict

* causes anxiety in a person

Personality Psych (14 decks)

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