Ch.10 Flashcards
Instrumental violence
Acts designed to improve social/financial status
Cycle of violence
Kids who’ve been abided are more likely to be violent themselves
Sigmund Freud’s 2 instinctive drives
Eros: life instinct, focus on self-fulfillment & enjoyment
Thanatos: death instinct, impels towards self-destruction
Psychopharmacology relationship
Direct consequence of ingesting substance
Ex: drinking reduces cognitive ability, results in miscommunication, might lead to rape
Economic compulsive behavior
Drug dealers who choose violence I order to support their habit
Systematic link
Occurs as violence escalates when drug dealers want to dominate territory, drive out rivals
Subculture of violence
Segment of society who legitimizes violence as customs/norms of that group
Cultural retaliatory Homocide
View that police are weak, so they take matters into their own hands
Violence and national views
1) high-violence nations support violence, while others emphasize forgiveness
2) nations w/ high violence have high poverty/income inequality
Honor killings
Person killed due to bringing shame to family
-common in Middle East, Asia, China
Rape act of aggression or sexual expression?
Act of aggression
UCR # of rapes
85,000 rapes/attempts each year
-52 per 10,000 females
What weather crime is rape?
Warm weather crime, July and August
Types of rapists
Power - 55%
Anger - 40%
Sadistic (brutal) - 5%
• rape generally act of violence
Date rape
Rape involves people who are in some sort of courting (dating) relationship
When is reporting date rape more common?
More common when weapon used, less when drugs/alcohol involved
Marital exemption
Accepted tradition that legally married spouse couldn’t be charged w/ rape
Statutory rape
Sexual relations between minor & adult
-law says minors incapable of informed consent
Causes of rape and evolution
Rape is focused on evolution, biological aspects of male sexual drive
-instinctual; per serving species
Virility mystique
Belief that males must deprecate sexual feelings from need for love, respect, affection
Reasons why males might rape -
- male virginity/sexual inexperience seen as shameful
- sexual insecurity might result in rape to boost self-image/masculinity
Narcissistic personality disorder
Behavior indicates infatuation w/ one’s self to exclusion of others
-pursuit of gratification, dominance, ambition
Older rapists vs. younger rapists
Older - seeking power/gratification, harm victims more
Younger - seeking sexual gratification
What crime are people more likely to “blame the victim”?
Rape - might say they provoked it
Aggravated rape
Rape involving multiple offenders, weapons, victim injuries
Consent
Victim of rape must prove that didn’t provoke, encourage, misled accused rapist
-rudeness can weaken case
Shield laws
Laws that protect women from being question about sexual history, unless relevant to case
Murder definition
The unlawful killing of a human being w/ malice
First-degree murder
When person kills another after premeditation & deliberation
Premeditation -
Killing considered beforehand, motivated by more that just act of violence
Deliberation
Means killing was planned after careful thought rather than by impulse
Felony murder
When person dies due to your felony
•usually consorted first-degree murder
Second-degree murder
Requires killer to have malice, but no premeditation or deliberation
Manslaughter
Homicide w/out malice
Voluntary or no negligent manslaughter
Killing committed in heat of passion
-ex: fight that provoked crime
Involuntary or negligent manslaughter
Killing that occurs when person’s acts are negligent w/out regard for harm they cause others
-ex: drunk driver kills a pedestrian
Deliberate indifference murder
When person knows but destructs an excessive risk to another’s health
-ex: incident w/ vicious dogs
Infanticide
Murder of very young child
Filicide
Murder of an older child
Eldercide
Murder of senior citizen
Feticide
Intentional/negligent killing of human fetus
Serial killer
Person who kills 3 or more persons in 3 or more separate events
Mass murder
Killing of 4 or more people by one or few assailants in 1 event
Spree killers
Killer of multiple victims whose nursery occur over short span of time, follow no visible pattern
Battery
Offensive touching; slapping, hitting, punishing victim
Assault
Requires no actual touching, but involves attempted batter/intentional frightening of victims by word/deed
Relational aggression
Psychological/emotional Avis involves spreading of rumors, info to harm parter
Acquaintance robber
Robberies in which victim or victims are people that robber knows
Hate/Bias crime
Violent acts directs toward persons/members of particular group
-because of race, religion, gender, etc
Workplace violence
Violence such as assaults, rape, mixer committed at work
Expressive violence
Acts that vent rage, anger, frustration
