Ch.10 Flashcards by Jessica Rodriguez

Instrumental violence

Acts designed to improve social/financial status

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Cycle of violence

Kids who’ve been abided are more likely to be violent themselves

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Sigmund Freud’s 2 instinctive drives

Eros: life instinct, focus on self-fulfillment & enjoyment

Thanatos: death instinct, impels towards self-destruction

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Psychopharmacology relationship

Direct consequence of ingesting substance

Ex: drinking reduces cognitive ability, results in miscommunication, might lead to rape

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Economic compulsive behavior

Drug dealers who choose violence I order to support their habit

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Systematic link

Occurs as violence escalates when drug dealers want to dominate territory, drive out rivals

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Subculture of violence

Segment of society who legitimizes violence as customs/norms of that group

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Cultural retaliatory Homocide

View that police are weak, so they take matters into their own hands

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Violence and national views

1) high-violence nations support violence, while others emphasize forgiveness
2) nations w/ high violence have high poverty/income inequality

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Honor killings

Person killed due to bringing shame to family

-common in Middle East, Asia, China

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Rape act of aggression or sexual expression?

Act of aggression

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UCR # of rapes

85,000 rapes/attempts each year

-52 per 10,000 females

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What weather crime is rape?

Warm weather crime, July and August

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Types of rapists

Power - 55%
Anger - 40%
Sadistic (brutal) - 5%
• rape generally act of violence

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Date rape

Rape involves people who are in some sort of courting (dating) relationship

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When is reporting date rape more common?

More common when weapon used, less when drugs/alcohol involved

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Marital exemption

Accepted tradition that legally married spouse couldn’t be charged w/ rape

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Statutory rape

Sexual relations between minor & adult

-law says minors incapable of informed consent

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Causes of rape and evolution

Rape is focused on evolution, biological aspects of male sexual drive
-instinctual; per serving species

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Virility mystique

Belief that males must deprecate sexual feelings from need for love, respect, affection

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Reasons why males might rape -

male virginity/sexual inexperience seen as shameful

- sexual insecurity might result in rape to boost self-image/masculinity

Narcissistic personality disorder

Behavior indicates infatuation w/ one’s self to exclusion of others
-pursuit of gratification, dominance, ambition

Older rapists vs. younger rapists

Older - seeking power/gratification, harm victims more

Younger - seeking sexual gratification

What crime are people more likely to “blame the victim”?

Rape - might say they provoked it

Aggravated rape

Rape involving multiple offenders, weapons, victim injuries

Consent

Victim of rape must prove that didn't provoke, encourage, misled accused rapist -rudeness can weaken case

Shield laws

Laws that protect women from being question about sexual history, unless relevant to case

Murder definition

The unlawful killing of a human being w/ malice

First-degree murder

When person kills another after premeditation & deliberation

Premeditation -

Killing considered beforehand, motivated by more that just act of violence

Deliberation

Means killing was planned after careful thought rather than by impulse

Felony murder

When person dies due to your felony | •usually consorted first-degree murder

Second-degree murder

Requires killer to have malice, but no premeditation or deliberation

Manslaughter

Homicide w/out malice

Voluntary or no negligent manslaughter

Killing committed in heat of passion | -ex: fight that provoked crime

Involuntary or negligent manslaughter

Killing that occurs when person's acts are negligent w/out regard for harm they cause others -ex: drunk driver kills a pedestrian

Deliberate indifference murder

When person knows but destructs an excessive risk to another's health -ex: incident w/ vicious dogs

Infanticide

Murder of very young child

Filicide

Murder of an older child

Eldercide

Murder of senior citizen

Feticide

Intentional/negligent killing of human fetus

Serial killer

Person who kills 3 or more persons in 3 or more separate events

Mass murder

Killing of 4 or more people by one or few assailants in 1 event

Spree killers

Killer of multiple victims whose nursery occur over short span of time, follow no visible pattern

Battery

Offensive touching; slapping, hitting, punishing victim

Assault

Requires no actual touching, but involves attempted batter/intentional frightening of victims by word/deed

Relational aggression

Psychological/emotional Avis involves spreading of rumors, info to harm parter

Acquaintance robber

Robberies in which victim or victims are people that robber knows

Hate/Bias crime

Violent acts directs toward persons/members of particular group -because of race, religion, gender, etc

Workplace violence

Violence such as assaults, rape, mixer committed at work

Expressive violence

Acts that vent rage, anger, frustration