Ch1 Carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

Polymer

A

long chain molecule made of bonded monomer sub-units

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2
Q

Condensation reaction

A

a molecule of water is produced every time a sub-unit attaches to a polymer

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3
Q

2 condensation reactions

A
  1. amino acids -> polypeptide
  2. glucose -> starch
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4
Q

Hydrolysis

A
  1. H2O molecule
  2. breaks the bonds between monomers
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5
Q

Carbohydrate

A
  1. Molecule of carbon+ hydrogen & oxygen in 2:1 ratio
  2. General formula CnH2nOn
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6
Q

alpha glucose

A

H on top
OH on bottom

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7
Q

beta glucose

A

H and OH on top
HO and H on bottom

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8
Q

3 Monosaccharides

A
  1. Glucose
  2. Fructose
  3. Galactose
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9
Q

Glucose+ Glucose

A

maltose

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10
Q

Glucose + Fructose

A

sucrose

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11
Q

Glucose + galactose

A

lactose

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12
Q

Poly/Disaccharide bonds

A
  1. condensation reaction
  2. H2O molecule removed
  3. glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides
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13
Q

Reducing sugar

A
  1. monosaccharide that can donate electrons
  2. have carbonyl group
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14
Q

Test for Reducing sugar

A
  1. Add Benedict’s reagent
  2. Heat for 5 minutes
  3. Colour change from blue to red/orange-brown precipitate
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15
Q

Polysaccharides

A

-Large
-Insoluble
-Suitable for storage

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16
Q

Test for non-reducing sugars

A
  1. Add acid
  2. Heat (hydrolyses glycosidic bonds)
  3. Add sodium hydrogen carbonate to neutralise solution
  4. Add Benedicts reagent
  5. Heat 5 minutes
  6. Colour change from blue to red/orange-brown precipitate