CH 9 SG Flashcards
Primary aging
(SENESCENCE) GRADUAL PHYSICAL DECLINE RELATED TO AGING
-ALL BODY PARTS
-RATE IS VARIABLE
SLOW DECLINE
-LATE 30s-EARLY 40s START TO SEE SOME SIGNS
Preventive screenings
-MAMMOGRAMS
-PAP TESTS
-PROSTATE EXAMS
-COLONOSCOPY
Physical changes in adulthood
SKIN (1ST VISIBLE SIGN OF SENESCENCE)
-DRYER & ROUGHER/COLLAGEN DECREASES/WRINKLES APPEAR
-LOSES ELASTICITY/THINNER
-METABOLISM SLOWS
-REACTION TIME SLOWS
-AGILITY DECREASES
Brain development in adulthood
SLOW DOWN
-NEURONS FIRE SLOWER
-MYELIN SHEATH THINS OUT
-MULTITASKING IS HARDER
-PROCESSING & RETRIEVAL TAKE LONGER
The principle of least interest
a sociological theory that suggests the person who is least interested in a relationship has the most power and control over it
Filter theory of mate selection
a psychological theory that explains how people choose romantic partners
Selective optimization with compensation
MOTIVATIONAL APPROACH OF UNDERSTANDING HOW PEOPLE MANAGE THE EFFECTS OF AGING (MINIMIZE LOSSES)
-People try to maintain a balance in their lives.
-Looking for the best way to compensate for physical and cognitive losses
-Becoming more proficient in activities they can already do well
Self-esteem in adults
-RISES IN ADULTHOOD
-PEAKS ABOUT 60
-REMAINS CONSTANT FROM 60-70
-DECLINES SLIGHTLY 70-90 (UNLESS HEALTH & FINANCIAL ISSUES)
-DROP AFTER 90
What are Sternberg’s three components of love?
intimacy, passion, and commitment
Autonomy
the feeling of being in control of one’s life and actions, and the ability to make choices
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
procedure involves removing eggs from the female and fertilizing the eggs outside the woman’s body
gamete intra-fallopian tube transfer (GIFT)
implanting both sperm and ova into the
fallopian tube and fertilization is allowed to occur naturally
Zygote intra-fallopian tube transfer (ZIFT)
sperm and ova are fertilized outside of the woman’s body and the fertilized egg or zygote is then implanted in the fallopian tube
Intimacy vs isolation
grapple with the challenge of forming deep, meaningful relationships and connections with others, risking feelings of isolation if they are unable to do so
Trial marriage
type of cohabitation in which partners are trying to see what it might be like to
be married
substitute marriage
partners are committed to one another and are not necessarily seeking
marriage
Social exchange theory
people try to maximize rewards and minimize costs in social
relationships
Endogamy
marriage within a specific group as required by custom or law
Homogamy
the mating of like with like (pair off with others who share similar characteristics)
Propinquity
nearness in place or time (someone or something) / (the proximity or physical closeness of one person to another)
Reiss’s Wheel Theory of Love
love relationships begin with the establishment of rapport - a friendly, harmonious relationship
mutual dependency
partners begin to disclose even more about themselves and are met with
support and acceptance
NEET (not in education, employment, or training)
young people who are not involved in the labor market or education system. A status can have a negative impact on emerging adults
Super’s career theory
describes career choice as a lifelong process that includes five stages:
1. Growth
2. Exploration
3. Establishment
4. Maintenance
5. Decline
Holland’s career theory
(RIASEC) it’s a time when people are developing the skills and knowledge they need for adult life
Various Types of Love
(infatuation, romantic love, companionate love, empty love, fatuous love, and consummate love)
SENSE ORGANS
ALL SENSES BECOME LESS ACUTE WITH AGE
Secondary aging
AGE RELATED CHANGES DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES, POOR HEALTH HABITS, OR DISEASE
LIFESTYLE PLAYS A ROLE
-DIET
-EXERCISE
-USE OR ABUSE OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, & OTHER DRUGS
Vision
•FARSIGHTEDNESS INCREASES
•TYPICALLY AROUND AGE 40
•TAKE LONGER TO ADJUST TO DARKNESS OR GLARE
•DECLINES IN DEPTH PERCEPTION
HEARING
•GRADUAL DECLINE STARTS IN MIDDLE AGE
•RARELY PROBLEMATIC BEFORE AGE 65
•LOSS OF SOME FREQUENCIES
•HIGH PITCHES DECLINE FIRST
HEIGHT
•AROUND 55 YRS.
•BONES AROUND SPINAL COLUMN BECOME LESS DENSE
•SLOWLY LOSE HEIGHT
•WOMEN—2 IN.
•MEN—1 IN.
OSTEOPOROSIS
•BONES BECOME BRITTLE, FRAGILE, & THIN
•OFTEN LACK OF CALCIUM
•INCREASED RISK OF FRACTURES
CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS
NATURE & NURTURE
•KEEP EXERCISING
•CALCIUM INTAKE
•TOBACCO & ALCOHOL WEAKEN BONES
BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD)
•CAN IDENTIFY BONE LOSS BEFORE IT BECOMES A SERIOUS PROBLEM
•ALL WOMEN OVER 65
•EARLIER IF HAVE RISK FACTORS
MENOPAUSE - COMMON SYMPTOMS
•HOT FLASHES
•NIGHT SWEATS
CHRONIC DISEASES
INCREASE AROUND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
•HYPERTENSION
•ARTHRITIS
•DIABETES (ESP. IF OVER WT.)
CANCER
•RATE INCREASES WITH EVERY YEAR OF LIFE
•GENETICS &LIFESTYLE PLAY A ROLE
LEADING CAUSE OF CANCER DEATH (LUNG)
THREE MOST COMMON TYPES OF CANCER IN WOMEN
•BREAST
•LUNG
•COLORECTAL
THREE MOST COMMON TYPES OF CANCER IN MEN
•PROSTATE
•LUNG
•COLORECTAL
LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IN U.S.
•Heart disease
•Cancer
•COVID-19
